高危險妊娠孕婦在第三孕期之不確定感、壓力及因應策略

Uncertainty, Stress and Coping in Women with High-Risk Pregnancy during Third Trimester

陳淑蘭(Shu-Lan Chen) ； 陳彰惠(Chung-Hey Chen)

《護理研究》 8卷6期 (2000/12) Pp. 629-640

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.200012.0629

摘要

本研究旨在探討高危險妊娠孕婦之不研究感、壓力及因應策略，並探究三者之相關性及因應策略之預測因子。以立意取樣的方式在南部二所醫學中心、和四所地區醫院進行門診追蹤照護及在病房住院之第三孕期高危險妊娠孕婦爲研究對象，共收取110名個案。研究工具爲「高危險妊娠版不確定感－壓力量表」、「因應策略量表」結構式問卷。本研究結果發現：（1）住院高危險孕婦在確定感之「不明確性」顯著高於門診高危險孕婦。（2）住院高危險孕婦之孕期壓力顯著高於門診高危險孕婦。（3）門診高危險孕婦在採用「認知壓抑」之壓抑性策略顯著高於住院高危險孕婦。（4）孕期不確定感與孕期壓力呈顯著正相關；而孕期不確定感、孕期壓力皆與因應策略之「計劃與期望」、「認知壓抑」呈顯著負相關。（5）職業有無、茫然不知如何因應、或茫然不知如何因應而引發之壓力感可顯著預測因應策略因素Ⅰ－「計劃與期望」。（6）教育程度可顯著預測因應策略因素Ⅱ－「尋求社會資源」。（7）不明確性可顯著預測因應策略因素Ⅳ－「認知壓抑」。本研究結果除了可協助護理人員了解門診與住院高危險孕婦基不確定感、壓力及因應策略之差異外，亦期如加強護理人員之教育者和支持者的角色及作爲高危險妊娠孕婦産前居家照護計劃之參考。

關鍵字

高危險妊娠 ； 不確定感 ； 壓力 ； 因應策略

並列摘要

The purpose of this research was to investigate uncertainty, stress, and coping in women with high-risk pregnancy during the third trimester, and to explore the relationships among these factors and the predictors of coping. A total of 110 subjects were selected by purposive sampling from two medical centers and four regional hospitals in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Uncertainty-Stress Scale, and Ways of Coping Checklist were used to collect the data, In this study, the main results were as follows: (1)uncertainty as to outcome in the hospitalized high-risk pregnant women was significantly higher than those of the out-patient high-risk pregnant women; (2)stress in the hospitalized high-risk pregnant women was significantly higher than in the out-patient high-risk pregnant women; (3)cognitive suppression in the out-patient high-risk pregnant women was significantly higher than in the hospitalized high-risk pregnant women; (4)uncertainty was positively correlated with stress; uncertainty and stress were negatively correlated with planning and hoping, and cognitive suppression; (5)occupational status, and being unsettled and having doubts about coping, or stress caused by being unsettled and having doubts about coping were significant predictors of planning and hoping; (6)educational level was a significant predictor of seeking social resources; (7)uncertainty as to outcome was a significant predictor of cognitive suppression. The results of this study can help nurse not only to understand the relationship among uncertainty, stress, and coping of high-risk pregnant women both in hospital wards and out-patient departments, but also to reinforce their role as educator and supporter.

並列關鍵字

high-risk pregnancy ； uncertainty ； stress ； coping

參考文獻

Buckley, K.,Kulb, N. W.(1990).(High risk maternity nursing manual).

Clauson, M. I.(1996).Uncertainty and stress in women hospitalized with high risk pregnancy.Clinical Nursing Research.5(3),309-325.

Close, H.,Procter, S.(1999).Coping strategies used by hospitalized stroke patients: implications for continuity and management of care.Journal of Advanced Nursing.29(1),138-144.

Dahlberg, N. L.(1988).A perinatal center based antepartum homecare program.Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing.15(1),30-34.

Heaman, M.(1992).Stressful life events, social support, and mood disturbance in hospitalized and non-hospitalized women with pregnancy-induced hypertension.The Canadian Journal of Nursing Research.24(1),23-37.