中共足球聯賽制度職業化之探討

A Study about the Professionalization of Soccer League System in Mainland China

許龍池(Lung-Chih Hus)

《體育學報》 22期 (1997/01) Pp. 129-140

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0022.199701.3412

摘要

中共自1949年建政以來，即透過「國家體委」主導規劃積極推展足球運動並作為體育改革的突破口；足球聯賽制職業化自1992年籌劃1994年開打，體育體制由社會性計劃經濟體制邁向市場性經濟體制。本文透過文獻分析，了解中共足球聯賽制度之發展歷程與職業化之關鍵因素與目的，並對實施現況進行分析與問題討論，最後對中共職業足球實施二年來發展的優、缺點進行評析，獲得以下結語供我國推展足球運動之參考：
優點：
一、「國家體委」的重視
二、企業等經濟體的贊助經營熱潮
三、球迷的熱情擁護
四、媒體的寵愛
五、足球運動水平質量整體的提昇
缺點：
一、「中國足協」過分干預「俱樂部」的經營
二、薄弱的經濟體制，無法全面市場化
三、競賽體制之實行屢有更動，無所適從
四、運動道德低下的困擾

關鍵字

中共足球 ； 足球職業化 ； 體育體制

並列摘要

The National P.E. Committee had planned actively to develop the soccer sport as the key of reformation in P.E. since Mainland China established it's regime in1949.The professionalization of the soccer league system was planned since 1992and began in 1994, and the structure and institution of P.E. was transformed from social-planned economy to market-oriented economy. The study was not only to understand the development process of the soccer league system and the crucial factors and purposes of the professionalization, but also to analyze the present situation on the enforcement of professionlization through documentary analysis. Finally, the study came to the following conclusions:
Advantages:
1. The National P.E. Committee attached importance to the soccer sport. 2. The businesses sponsored the professional soccer.
3. The fans supported emotionally the professional soccer.
4. The media were interested in the soccer sport.
5. The level of soccer was promoted.
Disadvantages:
1. The China Soccer League intervened the run of the Soccer Clubs too much.
2. It was too difficult for weak economy to marketlize.
3. The structure and institution of competition was too changeable to follow it.4.The low sport morality brought perplexity.

並列關鍵字

China soccer ； soccer professionlization ； the structure and institution of P.E.