男海洛因勒戒犯之再犯率的危險因子

Risk Factors for Recidivism in Incarcerated Male Heroin Addicts

江淑娟(Shu-Chuan Chiang) ； 張景瑞(Ching-Jui Chang) ； 孫效儒(Hsiao-Ju Sun) ； 陳炯旭(Chiung-Hsu Chen) ； 詹宏裕(Hung-Yu Chan) ； 陳為堅(Wei J. Chen)

《台灣精神醫學》 20卷1期 (2006/03) Pp. 32-43

https://doi.org/10.29478/TJP.200603.0004

摘要

目的：了解被評定為「無繼續施用傾向」之男性海洛因勒戒犯勒戒後的再犯毒品案率與再犯因子。方法：以民國88年間某男子勒戒所內判定為「無繼續施用傾向」之海洛因毒品犯為研究個案，追蹤出所後至91年6月30日間，再接受觀察勒戒率；回顧其資料與有無繼續施用傾向評估記錄探討再犯相關因子。結果：研究個案共93位（佔當年度海洛因勒戒犯的23%），其中43（40位）於兩年的追蹤期間內再度接受觀察勒戒處分。其案發時、入所時以及勒戒前主要濫用安非他命者、工作的類別為攤販或運輸業或工人者，出現再執行觀察勒戒處分的危險比顯著較高；愈年輕的世代出現再執行觀察勒戒處分的危險比可能較高。結論：海洛因為高成癮的物質，即使被判定為「無繼續施用傾向」的海洛因濫用者斷癮後再復發的情形仍相當普遍。目前最迫切需要的，是勒戒處置期間提供更有效、更全面的「再犯預防」相關處遇，以達有效預防復發。

關鍵字

海洛因 ； 成癮 ； 復發 ； 再犯

並列摘要

Objective: To investigate the rate and risk factors for recidivism among incarcerated male heroin addicts classified as having low relapse tendency in a male detention center. Methods: All incarcerated heroin-addicts in a detention center in northern Taiwan in 1999 classified as having a low tendency for relapse and released after short periods of detoxification were included. These subjects were followed-up for any recidivism due to illicit drug use by June 2002. Subjects' characteristics prior to recidivism were retrieved from what specific type of records maintained by what type of professional individual who assessed risk of relapse in the subject according to what specific set of criteria during the detention and explored for possible association with recidivism. Results: Among the 93 incarcerated heroin-addicts classified as having low relapse tendency in 1999, 43 (43%) had recidivism during the follow-up period. Young age, multiple substance uses (methamphetamine and heroin), and occupation (vendors or drivers) were the major risk factors associated with recidivism of illicit drug use. Conclusion: Heroin addicts have a very high recidivism rate even when classified as having a low relapsing tendency based on what specific criteria set at the end of detention. More efficient and comprehensive detention-based treatment programs are urgently needed to help prevent heroin addicts' relapse.

並列關鍵字

heroin ； addiction ； recurrence ； relapse

參考文獻

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