賜諾殺濃餌劑在嘉義三種果園誘殺東方果實蠅之效果探討

Studies on the Effectiveness of Spinosad Bait Attracting the Oriental Fruit Fly at Three Orchards in Chiayi Region

何坤耀(Kun-Yaw Ho) ； 洪士程(Shi-Cheng Hung)

《嘉大農林學報》 5卷2期 (2008/08) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.29891/JAFNCU.200808.0001

摘要

東方果實蠅(Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel))在嘉義地區普遍發生，危害芒果及柑桔等重要果樹。本試驗於2007年5~6月間在芒果園以0.02%賜諾殺濃餌劑稀釋8倍進行誘殺東方果實蠅，結果顯示在處理區可誘殺及降低果實蠅雌蟲數，雌蟲密度僅為雄蟲之20.5%。施用賜諾殺餌劑處理區之被害果率及被害度皆顯著較無處理對照區為低，平均防治率達86.5%。由2007年9~12月間在柳橙園之試驗結果，即施用賜諾殺餌劑處理與正常施藥且無誘殺之對照區，所偵測到之蟲數皆甚低，平均僅為0.4~1.2隻，而兩區之平均被害果率也只有0.03%。2007年12月～2008年1月間在茂谷柑園之誘殺結果亦與柳橙園相類似，即施用賜諾殺餌劑處理及正常施藥之對照區所誘到之蟲數僅為0~1.2隻，而被害果率則皆為0%。另由茂谷柑園之落果調查可知，在施以賜諾殺餌劑處理後可顯著降低果實蠅產卵所引發之果腐病率。綜合上述試驗結果，在面積約0.3~0.4公頃於不同季節之不同果園以賜諾殺餌劑誘殺東方果實蠅，與無處理區相較皆有良好之防治效果，將來在大面積果園或有機果園中頗具應用之潛力。

關鍵字

賜諾殺餌劑 ； 芒果 ； 柑桔 ； 誘引劑 ； 東方果實蠅

並列摘要

The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is commonly occurred in Chiayi region and damages the important fruit orchards such as mango and citrus. The attracting result of the 0.02% Spinosad bait diluted 8-fold applying in a mango orchard through May to June, showed that the female adult number was significantly decreased in the treated plot, and the density of female was only 20.5% of the male. The percentage of fruit damage and the degree of fruit infested of mango in the Spinosad treated plot were both significantly lower than in the no bait (CK) treatment and the averaged control rate was 86.5%. The result in an orange orchard through Sept. to Dec. showed that the number of monitored adult were very low in both the Spinosad treated and the no bait but chemicals were used (CK) plots, the averaged numbers were 0.4-1.2 and the percentage of fruit damage were only 0.03% in both treatments. The attracting result in a Murcott tangor orchard through Dec. to Jan. showed the similarity as the orange orchard, that the average monitored numbers were only 0-1.2 in the Spinosad treated and the no bait but with chemicals plots, and the percentage of fruit damage were zero in both treatments. In addition, the investigation from dropping fruits in Murcott tangor orchard showed the Spinosad bait treating could obviously decrease the fruit rot diseased rate which was due to the fruit fly oviposition. Summarized from the above results, the Spinosad bait applying at different seasons in the different small orchards with area about 0.3-0.4 hectare, all could get very good control efficacy comparing to the no bait (CK) treatments, so it has a potential extensively applied in the larger orchard or for the organic cultivation in the future.

並列關鍵字

Spinosad bait ； Mango ； Citrus ； Attractant ； Bactrocera dorsalis