超越方法的教學：學習過程中的關係建立

我們對於課程需要一個更寬廣的視野與認識，因為多元的社會需要多元的課程，未來的教育過程中「非正式學習」與「潛在課程」對學習的影響將日益重要。本文從教學的角度切入，談教學如何超越方法與技術，深入探討學習過程中的人與人的關係，作為一種潛在的課程，提供學習者更多元的學習與發展。教學包含兩個重要的部份：一是教學的方法，一是教學的風格。後者可能跟前者一樣重要，甚至比前者更為重要。然而教學風格較為隱含，不易量化，它牽涉到教學者的信念與學習過程中關係的建立。在一個以人為本的價值觀之下，要如何超越方法與技術，建立一個真實的生師關係呢？本文提出三種關係，包括促進者－學習者的關係、良師－學習者的關係與良好的自體－客體的關係，希望在這個議題上提供另一個角度的思索。

關鍵字

教學方法；教學風格；師生關係；關係建立

並列摘要

We need to have a wider and broader vision toward curriculum in a changing world. It's important to develop diverse curriculum in a multi-society, therefore informal learning and hidden curriculum will become more influential in the future. The purpose of this article is to discuss how can we teach beyond methods by building honest interrelationships between teachers and students as a hidden curriculum to facilitate learning. Teaching methods and teaching styles are both crucial in the process of teaching; however, the latter will be as important, even more important, than the former. But teaching style is more tacit, like an art, which is difficult to study because it involves the teachers themselves and their relationships with students. Three kinds of relationships are proposed and discussed, including facilitator/learner, mentor/learner and good self-object relationships, to provide more insights and implications for teaching and learning.