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彈性的藝術-商業矛盾:書封設計的創意勞動與專案團隊

Flexible Art-Commerce Contradiction: The Creative Labour and Project Team of Book Cover Design

摘要


本研究關注創意勞動過程中,合作、協商與衝突的結構性條件。以書籍封面設計為例,作者探討出版社編輯、委外封面設計者及其他行動者構成的跨組織專案網絡特性,指出書封設計者的非正式勞動處境。編輯擔任創意產品把關者和協調者,堅守編輯慣例和行銷考慮,但在品牌化策略下也容許設計者有所實驗創新,並以此為協商籌碼。設計者嘗試在個人創意、聲望累積和生計維持之間折衝,並隨著聲望而強化談判力量和設計自主性。創意勞動過程中的結構性張力,源於藝術創作和商品行銷的矛盾,以及工作組織中契約關係或僱用關係的差異位置,但有彈性多樣的變化。明星設計者和設計勞動預備軍的對照,更顯示創意勞動過程分析有助於凸顯美學創意工作的制度基礎,以及政治、正義和倫理議題。

並列摘要


This article illustrates the structural conditions of negotiation, cooperation and conflicts in the creative labour process. Using book cover design as an example, the author explores the project-team network formed by editors, designers and other social actors, and points out the informality of designers' works. Editors play the roles of coordinators and product checkers, keeping the editorial and selling rules but also allowing the designers to experiment and innovate. The innovation of designers, ultimately, would become the advantages for negotiation. On the other hand, the designers try to balance their individual creation, reputations and their livelihoods. The structural tension in the creative labour results from the contradiction between art creation and product selling, and the differences of employment positions. The polarization between famous designers and the reservation army of designers reveals the ethical and political issues of creative works that should be examined with a labour process approach.

參考文獻


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