運動員足踝扭傷與韌帶聯合損傷的症狀與治療

The Symptom and Cure of Athletic Ankle Sprain and Syndesmosis Injury

陳膺成(Ying-Cheng Chen) ； 林佳弘(Chia-Hong Lin) ； 黃煥民(Huan-Min Huang)

《高應科大體育》 8期 (2009/11) Pp. 250-263

https://doi.org/10.29889/KUASPE.200911.0023

摘要

足踝扭傷是最常見的運動傷害，根據研究統計，所有的運動傷害中，有將近10-15%是足踝扭傷。足踝扭傷後最常見的症狀有骨折、肌肉拉傷、肌腱拉傷與韌帶裂傷，其中韌帶裂傷的症狀較為複雜，內側韌帶與外側韌帶將會造成不同程度的影響。在發生足踝扭傷的情形後，正確的處理可以使輕度扭傷復原，或減輕重度扭摥的嚴重度，而一個足踝扭傷的良好治療程序，應該包括診斷、急性期治療、修補期治療和復原期治療及預防復發的產生。韌帶聯合損傷（Syndesmosis injury）又稱為「high ankle sprain」，也就是較高部位的踝關節扭傷，Syndesmosis injury最常伴隨受傷的部位為內踝的三角韌帶群、或內踝與外踝的骨折。一般的外側踝關節扭傷是由於踝關節內翻所形成，而syndesmosis的受傷或斷裂往往是因踝關節外翻所導致，當足部產生很嚴重的外旋或強力的外展時，脛骨與腓骨很可能因此而脫離，此時syndesmosis是最容易受傷的。在syndesmosis的傷害發生時，大多數的人會採用保守療法來治療，雖然保守療法復原的時間較長，但在風險上會較低。只要踝關節的內側韌帶群與脛腓關節的隼眼結構沒有變寬的話，以保守治療是比較適當的治療方式；不過一旦發現脛腓關節的隼眼結構已經有變寬的現象，就必須要植入固定式螺絲來固定其結構，然後再慢慢恢復脛腓關節的穩定。

關鍵字

足踝扭傷 ； 韌帶聯合損傷 ； Ottawa足踝檢視法

並列摘要

It is the most common sport injury that the ankle is sprained, count according to studying, in all sports are injured, nearly 10-15% is that the foot ankle is sprained. There are the most common symptoms fracture, muscle injury, tendon injury and split with the ligament after the ankle is sprained, among them the ligament splits the symptom injured is comparatively complicated, medial ligament and lateral ligament will cause the different influence in ankle. After the situation that sprains the ankle happening, correct treatment can be enabled spraining and recovering slightly, or lighten heavy degrees of serious degree that sprain. A good treatment procedure of ankle sprain, should include diagnosing, acute issues of treatment, mending period and treating and recovering a issue of treatment and production preventing from recurring. Syndesmosis injury is also called ' high ankle sprain ', that is to say the ankle joint of higher position is sprained, Syndesmosis injury is most often the deltoid ligament, or fracture of medial malleolus and lateral malleolus following the position that is injured. The general lateral ankle sprain is often happened because of varus. The injury or fracture of syndesmosis is often because of ankle valgus, when the foot produces very serious fastening or strong other exhibition outside, tibia and fibula will most likely break away from this, syndesmosis is the easiest injured at this moment. While taking place in injury of syndesmosis, most persons will adopt conservative treatment, though the time that conservative treatment recovers is relatively long, it will be relatively low risk. So long as the mortise of medial ligaments and articulation tibiofibular become widen, it is a more proper therapeutical way by conservative treatment. But once find the mortise of articulation tibiofibular become widen, must plant into fixed screws come regular structure , and resume stability articulation tibiofibular slowly.

並列關鍵字

ankle sprain ； syndesmosis injury ； Ottawa ankle rule