體重過重之醫院員工的營養健康態度、知識及飲食行為

The Nutritional Healthy Attitude, Knowledge, Dietary Behavior of Overweight Hospital Employees

饒月娟(Yueh-Chuan Jao) ； 高木榮(Mu-Jung Kao) ； 曾馨醇(Hsin-Chun Tseng) ； 黃婷筠(Ting-Yun Huang) ； 王韻涵(Yun-Han Wang) ； 蔡美文(Mei-Wun Tsai)

《北市醫學雜誌》 11卷1期 (2014/03) Pp. 48-62

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.2014.11.1.06

摘要

目的：在於了解體重過重之醫院員工的營養／健康知識、態度及飲食行為。方法：本研究為一橫斷式描述性研究。篩選符合身體質量指數≥24 kg/m2，或腰圍偏大（男性大於85公分、女性大於75公分）及無疾病診斷之成年的醫院員工（行政、醫療、技術人員）或志工，利用已發展之問卷調查個人的營養／健康知識、態度及飲食行為，問卷的得分愈高表示愈符合健康概念。結果：共有79位受測者（年齡45.22 ± 11.84歲，68.4%女性）完成問卷調查。營養／健康知識平均答對率76%，營養／健康態度、飲食行為之平均分數約占總分的70.3%和65.8%。不同職務別員工的營養／健康知識、態度總分並無顯著差異，但在飲食行為方面，可發現醫療人員的得分最低，且顯著低於志工組。教育程度在高中及大專以上者的飲食習慣及行為總分皆顯著低於國中以下者。年齡大於45歲組之營養／健康態度、知識、及飲食行為的平均總分皆高於45歲以下者，其中「飲食行為」達統計顯著差異。結論：本研究發現體重過重或腰圍過大之醫院員工的營養／健康態度、知識平均為中高程度，在飲食行為的變異性較大，以醫療人員、學歷高者、男性及45歲以下的青壯年有較低的健康飲食行為得分。了解醫院職場之員工在營養／健康相關知識及飲食行為的特異性，將有助於規劃醫院員工之健康促進計畫的參考。

關鍵字

體重過重 ； 營養／健康態度 ； 營養／健康知識 ； 飲食行為

並列摘要

Objective: This study is designed to investigate the nutritional/healthy attitude, knowledge, dietary behavior of overweight hospital employees. Method: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. Adult healthy hospital volunteers and staffs whose BMI over 24 kg/m2, or WC over 85cm in male or 75cm in female were recruited for this study. We assessed all participants' nutritional/healthy attitude, knowledge, dietary behavior by using a developed self-administrated nutritional/dietary questionnaire. The higher scores achieved, the better performance was. Results: A total of 79 participants (68.4% female and aged 45.22 ± 11.84 years) completed the questionnaire. They had an averaged correct rate in 11.5 out of 15 items (76%) for nutritional/healthy knowledge. The mean scores of nutritional/healthy attitude and dietary behaviors were about 70.3% and 65.8% of total scores, respectively. There were no significant different in the mean scores of all nutritional/healthy attitude and knowledge among different job categories of hospital employees. However, medical professional staffs got the lowest scores of dietary behavior, which were significantly different from volunteers having the highest scores. Staffs with the lower education level had better dietary behavior than those with high education level, and such a better result was also found in the older group (more than 45 years old) (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings highlighted there was a median to high level of nutritional/healthy knowledge and attitude, but only a fair degree of dietary behavior among overweight hospital employees, especially among medical professional staffs, high education level, male and young adults. Strategies to enhance the healthy dietary behaviors should be considered for these subgroups in the hospital health promotion program.

並列關鍵字

overweight ； nutritional/healthy attitude ； nutritional/healthy knowledge ； dietary behavior