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臺灣果樹產業因應全球氣候變遷之關鍵技術-人工智慧型栽培環境自動調控系統

The Key of Taiwan Fruit Trees Industry to Cope with Global Climate Change-The Automatic Multifunctional Environmental Control System

摘要


臺灣地處亞熱帶之溫暖地區,又因四周環海而得以維持相對較為穩定之氣象環境,惟每年各種農作物仍因氣象變異而引起不同生理障礙,導致產量與品質受到不等程度影響。近年來氣候快速變遷使得天氣起伏更加明顯,為了獲得優質農作生產及安全農產品,並調節產期和市場供銷,以作物生理資料配合經濟有效的自動化環境調控技術在設施下之生產模式已漸成趨勢。在環境控制之設施內可以營造作物生育最佳環境,又能避免病蟲害發生之環境條件,實施非農藥之植物保護措施。若再加上節能減碳相關技術,將有機會使得設施栽培成為臺灣農業未來的發展重點方向之一。透過人工智慧型栽培環境自動調控系統於設施栽培,除了可以克服作物之生理障礙,又可改善生育環境,提供作物生育之最佳情境。目前在蓮霧及枇杷之花芽分化誘引、催花、產期提前、品質提升及有機化生產等作業,以及梨樹之低溫需求與果實成熟期之調控均已見初步應用,另在某些設施作物病蟲害之生態及物理與生物防治上也顯現卓越功效。

並列摘要


Taiwan is located in the subtropical region with warming climate. There are various types of climatic disasters occurring during the year, such as typhoon, flooding, low temperature and drought, which lead to physiological disorders on different fruit trees. Cultivation under structure using the developed automatic multifunctional environmental control system seems a promising and feasible way to solve the problems, especially under global climate change. In orchard, the control system can be applied to force an earlier harvest and ensure better quality and yield of fruits due to the improvement of environmental and physiological regulations. Insect and disease can also be well controlled with the use of such a system.

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