提題論之考察

題目語「は」的性質為何？山田孝雄主張「は」的分離結合論以及文節論，並指出「は」是以論理上的判定語，來敘說主觀感想的提示語。松下大三郎以判斷句來解釋題目為舊觀念，「は」的前面為題目，後面為解說及已知與未知。佐久間鼎提出判斷現在目前的已知事物時，使用「は」。三尾砂將句子分成判斷句等等，討論「は」的提題性。三上章提出了「は」的兼務（「の、が、に、を、で」能夠替換為「は」），批判主題＝主語，提出「は」＝主題，「が」＝主格的用途分化，在主語廢止論中，將「は」為主題「が」為主格在層次構造中做定位。「は」做為主題在第一句使用後，能夠支配其後的十句、二十句，具有「主導的性質」。「は」將前後分離後結合故有「分散集中的性質」。「は」被使用於判斷句中，故有「主觀的性質」。「は」將全句做修飾，影響力強大故有「支配的性質」。「は」能夠替換五種助詞，故有「萬能型性質」。筆者獨創的理論中，「題目語『は』擁有全助詞中『最強的萬能型性質』」。

關鍵字

萬能型性質；主導的性質；分散集中的性質；主觀的性質；支配的性質

並列摘要

What’s the characteristic of the topic particle ＂は＂? Yosio Yamada advocates the separation-combination theory and phrase theory of ＂は＂, and indicates that ＂は＂ is an ethical determination particle, the prompt to narrate subjective feelings. It is an old idea that Daizaburo Matsushita explains the topic by statements; the topic comes before ＂は＂ while explanation, known and unknown are behind it. Kanae Sakuma proposed that the ＂は＂ is used to state known things. Isago Mio divided sentenses into statements and so on to discuss the topicalization function of ＂は＂. Akira Mikami proposed the multiple functionality of ＂は＂ (it can alternate の, が, に, を, and で), criticized ＂topic=subject＂ while proposing the function differentiation of ＂は=subject が=nominative＂, and positioned ＂は＂ as the topic and ＂が＂ the subject on the aspect of nominative level structure in the subject abolishment. ＂は＂, with ＂the leadership nature＂, can dominate the later 10, 20 sentences after it functioned in the first sentence as the topic. ＂は＂, with ＂the nature of dispersion-concentration＂, can separate and then combine the sentences. ＂は＂, with ＂the subjective nature＂, is used in the statements. ＂は＂, with ＂the nature of dominant＂, can determine the entire sentence with powerful influence. ＂は＂, with ＂the nature of university＂, can alternate 5 other particles. In the author’s innovative theory, ＂topic particle ’は’ contains the ’most powerful nature of university’ among all particles＂.