國中田徑選手心理技能之研究

The Study on Psychological Skills of Junior High School Track and Field Athletes

羅仁駿(Jen-Chun Lo) ； 蔡承宏(Cheng-Hung Tsai)

《運動與健康研究》 2卷2期 (2013/04) Pp. 109-121

摘要

本研究目的在了解國中田徑選手心理技能狀況，探討不同背景變項國中田徑選手在心理技能表現之差異情形。本研究方法採用問卷調查法，以國中田徑選手為研究對象，以問卷「心理技能量表」為研究工具，利用SPSS 20.0統計套裝軟體進行分析，以描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、獨立樣本t檢定、LSD事後比較、雪費法事後比較等統計方法處理資料，獲得以下研究結果：一、國中田徑選手在心理技能量表中各分量得分高低依序為「可教導性」、「動機」、「壓力處理與逆境調適」、「專注」，而以「自信心」得分最低。二、在心理技能上，不同性別、年齡、成就、排名賽最佳表現、訓練量等變項皆達顯著差異。本研究結論，國中田徑選手具有可教導性，然而其專注以及自信心有待加強；男選手的可教導性優於女選手，年紀較小的選手其專注優於年紀較大的選手，縣市代表隊選手的可教導性優於學校代表隊的選手，曾獲得排名賽前四名的選手的整體心理素質優於未獲得名次的選手，高度訓練量的選手心理技能均優於訓練量較不足的選手。

關鍵字

學生運動員 ； 心理素質 ； 訓練

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the current state of psychological skills of junior high school track and field athletes. It discussed the differences as well as similarities of psychological skills of junior high school track and field athletes under different background. The study used the questionnaire survey named ”Psychological Skills.” The targets of this study were all junior high school track and field athletes, and the SPSS 10.0 Statistics Software was adopted to get the research results. The results were as follow: (1) According to the psychological skills table filled out by junior high school track and field athletes, the scores ranked in descending order from coach ability, motivation, pressure management and adversity, concentration and confidence. (2) In terms of psychological skills, significant differences were observed on the following items, such as different sexuality, age, achievement, the best performance of ranking competition and amount of training. The conclusion of this study showed that junior high school track and field athletes have educability, but their concentration and confidence still need to be enhanced. Male athletes had better educability than female athletes, and younger athletes had better concentration than elder ones. The delegations' athletes of Counties or cities had better educability than the delegations' athletes of schools. The psychological qualities of athletes who had won the first four places in the place matches were better than those who hadn't got any places. The athletes who have higher amount of training had better psychological skills than the athletes who don't have enough training amount.

並列關鍵字

student athletes ； psychological qualities ； training

參考文獻

朱昌勇(2005)。我國優秀桌球運動員心理技能與成績表現之關連性研究。臺北市立體育學院運動科學研究所。

李謀周、郭姿伶、李松遠、彭馨潁()。

李建璋(2008)。運動員心理技能之研究。國立臺東大學體育學系。

季力康(1995)。運動員的心理技能訓練。大專體育。19，4-8。

林正常(2006)。運動生理學。臺北市:師大書苑。