台中地區落花生地方品種之純化與生產力評估

本試驗採用台中地區栽培落花生地方品種立枝仔、立枝仔返及油豆返等地方品種，經1991年春作於台中改良場試驗農場及同年秋作於彰化縣大城之農家田，進行純化選拔工作，淘汰可能帶有不良基因的植株。純化後之優良植株後裔，於1992年春作、秋作及1993年春作，分別於彰化縣大村及二林進行田間產量評估試驗，結果顯示經過兩期作純化選拔後，立枝仔及立枝仔返的百粒重顯著增加，而三個地方品種的收穫指數、剝實率與產量方面亦因品種之純化而提高。本試驗各基因型經穩定性測驗結果顯示，純化二次後立枝仔的產量表現在不同環境下極為穩定，且其平均產量高於總平均值。本項品種純化及評估工作仍在繼續進行中。

關鍵字

落花生；純化；百粒重；收獲指數；產量評估

並列摘要

The agronomic and yield performances of local peanut cultivars has deteriorated gradually during the prolonged period of cultivation. Efforts have been made by this Station to purify these cultivars in order to enhance their yield potential. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effectiveness of purification and selection and to examine the influences of environmental effects on the agronomic and yield traits.Two generations of purification were executed in the spring and fall crops of 1991 for the source cultivars of Lichi-tzae, Lichi-tzae-fan, and Youdou-fan. Purified lines for each cultivar were developed by utilizing mass selection in the experimental field. Progress from selection was evaluated in the spring and fall planting of 1992. In 1992, the original cultivars and cultivars after one and two generations of purification along with two check varieties, Tainan 9 and Tainan 11, were evaluated in replicated plots. Field evaluation indicated that cultivar purification and selection resulted in larger seed size for both Lichi-tzae and Lichi-tzae-fan, and increased seed yield, shelling rate, and seed yield for all the three local cultivars. The yield performance of Lichi-tzae also showed higher stability across locations and crop seasons as compared with that of the original cultivar without purification. The purification and selection task is still undertaken for the purpose of improving both the growth uniformity and seed yield.

並列關鍵字

Peanut ； purification ； 100-grain weight ； harvest index ； yield evaluation

國際替代計量

台中地區落花生地方品種之純化與生產力評估

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