台灣日日春病害之發生

Occurrence of Periwinkle Diseases in Taiwan

陳俊位(Chein-Wei Chen) ； 林俊義(Chein-Yi Lin) ； 許振川(Zhen-Chuan Hsu)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 54期 (1997/03) Pp. 47-57

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199703.0047

摘要

調查本省花壇植物日日春之病害，計發現有由立枯絲核菌（Rhizoctonia solani）引起之苗立枯病，其在苗期時發生嚴重，分離病原發現菌絲在其起源處有縊縮，特徵與R. solani相似，利用菌絲融合方法判別為AG-4群。疫菌（Phytophthora sp.）所引起之幼苗及成株疫病，在夏季時為害最嚴重，罹病度可達100%，其可形成洋梨形具乳突之游走胞子囊，與P. parasitica相似。白絹菌（Sclerotium rolfsii）引起成株萎凋病，其病原可在馬鈴薯葡萄糖洋菜培養基上形成大量的褐色菌核，狀如蘿蔔種子。灰黴菌（Botrytis cinerea）引起之灰黴病，病原培養在低溫時可形成大量的褐色菌核，形狀不規則。菌核菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）引起之菌核病，病原培養則可形成大量的黑色菌核，狀如鼠糞。各分離所得之真菌回接日日春皆具病原性，可確定為其病原菌。苗立枯病為本省首次記載。

關鍵字

日日春 ； 病害調查

並列摘要

Investigated on periwinkle disease of Taiwan revealed. There were five fungal diseases. The seedling blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani was serious in the seedling stage. The hypha's structure and grew characters were same to the R. solani AG-4. The leaf and stem blight caused by Phytophthora parasitica was the most serious disease in the summer season. It could damage the plant and reached 100% infection rate. The sporangia are papillate and their shape like pear. The stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii happened on adult plant. The pathogen cultured on potato dextrose agar plate could formed a lot of brown sclerotia which looks like the seed of radish. The gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea occurred serious in winter. The fungus formed a lot of brown irregular sclerotium. Sclerotinia rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotioum was happened in winter as those of gray mold disease. The pathogen can formed a lot of black irregular sclerotia. The fungi which isolated from the periwinkle had the pathogenicity to periwinkle. The seedling blight disease is the first report in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

periwinkle ； disease investigated