南洋華僑的救國運動1895-1911年：社會網絡分析法的應用

Save-Nation Movements in Southeast Asia by the Overseas Chinese, 1895-1911: The Application of Social Network Analysis

曾珮珊(Pei-Shan Tseng)

指導教授 ： 鄧志松

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/國家發展研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201603417

摘要

清朝末年的救國運動，大致可分為維新和革命二種途徑，而過去關於革命派及維新派的探討，以及兩派在清末救國運動中的對峙與合作，已累積了相當豐富的研究，其中亦不乏探討革命派及維新派的重要人物和組織在各階段救國運動中所扮演的角色及其重要性的著作，但其大多將這些重要人物和組織視為獨立的個體，並以單一個體的生平或組織的發展作為主線。然而這樣的研究方式並不特別重視不同行為者之間的關係網絡，亦即關於他們之間的人際互動關係以及不同群體、組織之間所建構出的社會網絡，現有研究中尚欠缺進一步的探討，因此本研究希望運用社會網絡分析法來具體呈現不同行為者之間的關係網絡。
　　其實社會網絡分析法並不是近幾年才出現的研究方法，但是運用在史料分析上卻仍極為少數；而「華僑為革命之母」，南洋華僑尤其占有不可忽視的重要性。本研究的主要目的，即是希望透過一種新的史學研究途徑，重新審視清末南洋地區救國運動主要參與人物之間的人際互動連結，補足以往研究大多只重視事件發生的因果關係或人物生平事蹟描述的情況，並希望能凸顯出人際網絡的結構與互動型態，藉以了解清末南洋救國運動組織的發展及其特殊性，以及群體內不同個體間關係的緊密程度。
　　本研究係利用前人的研究成果作為基礎，以南洋地區作為範疇，挑選出具重要性的事件，由事件中找出主要的參與人物，再將這些主要人物轉化為結點，繪製成社會網絡圖，觀察其網絡的組成結構，以及透過中心性指標的計算分析個別人物在網絡中的重要性。

關鍵字

社會網絡分析 ； 南洋華僑 ； 救國運動 ； 中心性 ； 次團體

並列摘要

The save-nation movements during the end of Qing dynasty can be approximately divided into two kinds: revolutionary movement and reform movement. During the past, there have already been plenty of researches about revolutionary movement and reform movement, and about the opposition and cooperation between the two sides as well. There are also plenty of researches discussing about the roles and importance of the main characters and organizations in both revolutionary groups and reformatory groups. However, those researchers usually see the main characters and organizations as individuals, and take the individuals’ lives or the developments of the organizations themselves as the main objects of researches. Nevertheless, this kind of research method dose not particularly focus on the relations between different actors; in other words, there is still lack of research about the social networks constructed from the actors, groups and organizations. As a result, this study proposes to use the method of social network analysis to show the relation networks between different actors concretely.
As a matter of fact, social network analysis is not a research method appeared recently; however, it is still not common used in historical material analysis. Besides, as the proverb says, “the overseas Chinese are the mothers of revolution”, the overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia truly played important roles that cannot be neglected. The aim of this study is to use a new historical material research method to reexamine the relations among the main characters joining the save-nation movements in Southeast Asia, in order to reinforce the previous studies, as well as to give prominence to the structures and interaction types of interpersonal social networks.
This study is based on previous research results, and taking Southeast Asia as the target place. The writer will gather important incidents happened in Southeast Asia, and select the main participants from the incidents. Next, is changing the main participants into nodes, and then drawing into social network graphs. At last, observing the structures of the networks and analyzing the importance of single actors among the networks.

並列關鍵字

Social Network Analysis ； Overseas Chinese ； Southeast Asia ； Save-nation Movement ； Centrality ； Clinique

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