D型人格對醫護人員醫療工作壓力感受及身心健康
影響之探討-以某區域教學醫院醫護人為例

研究目的探討D型人格對醫護人員醫療工作壓力感受及身心健康之影響。研究方法以高雄某家區域教學醫院333位之臨床醫護人員為研究樣本 (86位醫師和247位護理師) ，採橫斷式 (cross-sectional) 研究設計，全院普查取樣方式，使用修訂台灣版D型人格量表（Type D Scale-14，Taiwanese version–revised，DS14-TR）、醫療工作的壓力源感受量表 (Questionnaire of Medical Workers’ Stress, QMWS) 及華人健康問卷（Chinese Health Questionnaire-12，CHQ-12）的簡易量表。以結構方程模式探討三者之間路徑的關係。研究結果整體結構方程模式絕對適配指標Chi-square=9.7 d.f.=6 p= .14，相對適配指標GFI= .99 ， AGFI= .97 ， CFI= .99 ， TLI= .99 ，RMSEA= .04都達到非常良好的模式符合度標準。結果顯示D型人格對醫療工作壓力感受有直接顯著的影響 (Beta= .38，p< .001) ， D型人格對身心健康有直接顯著的影響 (Beta= .53，p< .001) ，醫療工作壓力感受對身心健康有直接顯著的影響 (Beta= .14 ，p= .027) ，換言之，D型人格也可透過醫療工作壓力感受對身心健康產生間接的影響。結論與建議 D型人格對醫護人員醫療工作壓力感受及身心健康是有顯著的影響；。具D型人格傾向高者之醫護人員有較大的工作壓力感受及較差的身心健康，提供給職場健康管理做參考及進一步的探討。

關鍵字

D型人格；醫護人員；醫療工作壓力；身心健康

並列摘要

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of the Type D personality on perceived job stress and physical-mental health among doctors and nurses in a regional teaching hospital. Methods: A sample of 333 healthcare professionals (86 doctors and 247 nurses) of a regional teaching hospital in Kaohsiung was eligible for the study.We adopted cross-sectional research design. The Type D Scale-14,Taiwanese version-revised self-report to measure Type D personality, the Questionnaire of Medical Workers’ Stress (QMWS) , and the Chinese Health Questionnaire-12 (CHQ-12）were used in the study. A conceptual model was analysed via structural equation modeling. Results: The model fits the data well. Absolute fit test was Chi-square=9.7 d.f.=6， p= .14. Relative fit tests were GFI= .99，AGFI= .97， CFI= .99，TLI= .99，RMSEA= .04.The structural equation model showed that Type D personality directly influenced perceived job stress (Beta= .38，p< .001) and physical-mental health (Beta= .53，p< .001) . Perceived job stress directly influenced physical-mental health (Beta= .14，p= .027) . In other words, Type D personality had indirect influence on physical-mental health via perceived job stress too. Conclusions: Type D personality had an obvious impact on perceived job stress and physical-mental health. Type D subjects had higher level of perceived job stress and poorer physical-mental health. The result can be a helpful reference for further investigation to workplace health management.