莫拉克颱風災害歷程中政府與非營利組織的互動關係：以屏東縣兩處生活重建中心為例

The interaction between the government and nonprofit organization in typhoon Morakot-A case study from two living reconstructing serving center in Pingtung County

陳怡伶(I -Ling Chen)

指導教授 ： 謝祿宜

長榮大學/人文社會學院/社會工作學系(所)/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2013.00194

摘要

摘要
莫拉克颱風發生後，嚴重的災情使許多地區的產業、文化、生活與設施受到衝擊。為使災民與災區降低損失，大量的非營利組織透過地方政府的體系、組織本身的資源網絡及動員的方式，迅速投入救援工作與各項重建措施，這也使非營利組織與政府部門發展出多種型態的互動關係。
在本研究中，邀請屏東縣兩個參與生活重建中心的非營利組織及屏東縣政府做為研究對象，呈現在屏東縣的災害經驗中，如何互動及發展出互動關係。同時探討非營利組織本身具備的社會資本，對互動過程可能產生的影響。為達成研究目的，本研究使用深度訪談為主要研究方法，並結合觀察法及次級資料分析法，得到研究結果如下：
本研究的兩個非營利組織已在地方服務多年，在承平時期分別投入原鄉部落與屏東市區提供服務。並與屏東縣政府以單一的財政互動關係或是服務輸送的互動關係為主。但進入災害歷程中，為因應中央政策的執行與地方災區的需求，兩者在不同的災害階段，也發展出不同型態的互動關係。從研究中發現，非營利組織與政府部門在災害歷程中，隨著政策、地方需求…等因素，會形成一種以上的互動關係，無一定的模式可依循。但也從中發現，災害初期，屏東縣政府為提供服務，邀請非營利組織協助服務輸送。由此可見，非營利組織所具備的社會資本在災害衍生的需求中，絕對占有服務與輸送優勢，惟重點在於地方政府能夠如何運用非營利組織的社會資本，投入災害歷程中，提升效率並補充政府部門的不足，是一項重要的課題。

關鍵字

災害歷程 ； 互動關係 ； 非營利組織 ； 社會資本

並列摘要

Typhoon Morakot brought heavy damages all over Taiwan, which caused serious impacts on industries, culture, livelihood and social facilities in many regions. In order to minimize the lost for people in disaster zones, lots of non-profit organizations started the rescues and the reconstructions immediately through their own internet resources, emergency mobilization, and also local government systems. This results varied interactions between these non-profit organizations and local governments.
In this research, two non-profit organizations, which participated in rebuilding livelihood centers, and Pingtung county government were invited to be the objects of study. Their experiences show how they interacted during the natural hazards in Pingtung county, and how this interaction developed further. Meanwhile, probing how social capital, which owned by non-profit organizations, make influences during the interaction. In order to reach the task of research purpose, in-depth interviews was the major method used, while combining object observation and secondary data analysis. The research conclusions are the following:
These two non-profit organizations provide their services locally for years already, mostly in aborigines tribes and Pingtung city area during comparative peace period. They also cooperate with Pingtung county government on one-way financial interactional relation, or mainly provide transportation services during the interaction. Under natural hazard circumstances, these two objects develop multiple interactions which vary by different disaster levels, in order to carry out central government policy and fulfill the requests from disaster zones. According to the observation, the non-profit organizations and the government would build up more than one type of interaction during natural hazard period. These interactions formed by different policies, local requests, etc...and there is no fixed mode for such formation. I also noticed that at the beginning stage of natural hazards, Pingtung government would invite non-profit organizations to provide transportation services. Hence, the social capital from these non-profit organizations has absolute advantages on services and transportations to the demand from disaster zones. The key point is how local government manipulates these social capitals into natural hazard period, while increasing the efficiency and covering the insufficiency internally at the same time. This is a significant lesson for us to learn.

並列關鍵字

interaction ； non-non-profit organizations ； social capital

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