Speech Errors in Taiwan Southern Min: A Phonologica Study

台灣閩南語語誤的音韻學研究

劉慧娟(Joyce H.-C. Liu)

指導教授 ： 王旭

國立清華大學/人文社會學院/語言學研究所/博士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2009.00743

摘要

本研究有兩個主要目的，藉由分析台灣閩南語(台閩語)的音韻語誤，一方面探討影響音段語誤 (segmental errors) 和聲調語誤 (tone errors) 發生的因素，另一方面探討台閩語的音韻結構。
音段語誤的分析結果顯示以下幾個特點：（1）語境造成的語誤當中，語誤的來源音節 (the source syllable) 和語誤音節 (the error syllable) 通常在距離七個音節的範圍內；（2）目標音段 (the target segment) 通常和替代的語誤音段 (the error segment) 有語音上的相似性 (phonetic similarity)；（3）本研究沒有發現標記性假說 (Markedness hypothesis) 對音段語誤的發生產生任何影響。聲調語誤的結果顯示：（1）台閩語獨特的連讀變調現象對於聲調語誤有很大的影響；（2）高降調最容易被其他聲調影響而產生語誤，聲調發生語誤最常變成平調；（3）連讀變調的語誤 (tone sandhi errors) 與發生語誤的目標詞 (the target word) 本身的句法結構有密切的關係。
透過語誤的分析探討台閩語的音韻問題，其結果顯示：（1）由於所收集到的相關語料不足，本研究針對/iu/-/ui/ 這兩個雙母音的音節結構如何表徵的問題，並沒有得到確切的答案；（2）音節內部結構則顯示比較符合右分叉結構，也就是聲-韻的理論 (the onset-rime model)；（3）關於連讀變調的運作機制，相對於規則衍生理論 (the rule-derivation model) 的假說，選擇模型理論 (the selection model) 的假說和連讀變調的語誤所呈現的特點較一致。

關鍵字

口語語誤 ； 台灣閩南語 ； 音韻語誤 ； 聲調語誤 ； 音韻研究

並列摘要

In this study, phonological errors of speech in Taiwan Southern Min (TSM) were observed analyzed to show the factors affecting segmental errors and tone errors on the one hand, and how these errors shed light on the phonological structures of the language on the other hand.
The segmental errors observed in the data showed that the contextual errors occurred typically within 7 syllables from the source of errors, that the target syllable usually shared phonetic similarity with the source syllable, and that Markedness hypothesis did not seem to have an effect on the errors. The tonal errors showed that the language-specific tone sandhi phenomenon had strong effect on the errors, that the high-falling tone as a target was most likely affected and the errors most commonly occurred as the level tones, and that the tone sandhi errors occurred mostly in relation to the syntactic structure of the target word.
We next tried to see whether the errors may shed light on the theoretical issues. The /iu/-/ui/ issue did not find a conclusive answer, due to the paucity of relevant error tokens. The syllable internal structures were found to be more appropriately right-branching, like the onset-rime model. As for the tone sandhi mechanism, the selection model better conforms to the patterns shown in tone sandhi errors than the rule-derivation model.

並列關鍵字

speech errors ； Taiwan Southern Min ； segmental errors ； tone errors ； phonological study

參考文獻

Lin, C. X. 2001. Taiwan Minnanyu Gailun. (Introduction to Taiwan Southern Min). Taipei: Psychology Publisher.

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