考量多期隨機需求之綠色供應鏈多目標最佳化網絡設計

A Multi-objective Optimization for Green Supply Chain Network Design with Multi-period Stochastic Demand

李沛涵(Pei-Han Lee)

指導教授 ： 宮大川

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201201060

摘要

全球暖化問題日益嚴峻，劇烈的氣候變遷持續影響著環境的生態和人類的生活。為了有效控制溫室氣體排放，減緩全球氣候的變遷，京都議定書規範各國在溫室氣體減量的責任，所管制的六項氣體中，以二氧化碳的排放量最多。過去傳統供應鏈網絡設計僅以經濟永續性為目標，期望獲利性高、成本低，但於現今，二氧化碳排放量日益劇增，環境保護的重要性已不容忽視，故本研究設計一供應鏈網絡模型，提出兼顧成本與碳排放量最小之多目標最佳化模式，考慮顧客在多期隨機需求的情況下，規劃工廠產能與庫存，以及對供應商的下單量，透過環境設備投資與運輸網絡分配，降低工廠在生產與運輸過程中的碳排放量。在求解的過程，先利用機率限制規劃將不確定性模式轉換為確定性，繼而透過正規化限制法求解多目標問題。最後，透過數值範例與參數分析結果，提出管理層面的意涵。期望本研究所設計的模型可提供企業進行綠色供應鏈網絡配置時的參考工具，使企業達到經濟永續發展與環境永續發展之間的平衡。

關鍵字

多期隨機需求 ； 多目標最佳化 ； 網絡設計 ； 綠色供應鏈

並列摘要

Global warming related issues have caught much attention recently. These include the impact of climate change around the world, which is getting worst and causing many dangerous problems for human and living things. In order to control greenhouse gas emissions and then to slow down the global warming, Kyoto Protocol has been implemented for the purposes. It clearly specifies its member countries’ responsibility to reduce six greenhouse gases’ emissions. Among them, the amount of carbon emission contributes the most. In past, the traditional design of supply chain network only pursues economic goal, high profitability and low cost. In the present, as carbon emissions is increasing, importance of environmental protection cannot be ignored. Therefore, in this thesis we focus on a supply chain network design model. Under the considerations of multi-period stochastic demand, limited factory capacity, inventory, supply amount, and various environmental investments, we propose a multi-objective optimization model to minimize the total cost and carbon emission. In the solving process, we first apply the chance constrained programming method to convert the uncertainty mode to the certainty mode, and then solve the multi-objective problem via the normalized normal constraint method. Finally, through numerical examples and parameter analyses, we discuss the obtained managerial insights. Expect this model can serve as an effective tool for firm to design its green supply chain network and to achieve a balance between its economic sustainability and environmental sustainability.

並列關鍵字

multi-period stochastic demand ； multi-objective optimization ； network design ； green supply chain

參考文獻

[3] Abdelaziz, F.B., Aouni, B. and Fayedh, R.E., 2007. Multi-objective stochastic programming for portfolio selection. European Journal of Operational Research, 177 (3), 1811-1823.

[4] Ahmadi Javid, A. and Azad, N., 2010. Incorporating location, routing and inventory decisions in supply chain network design. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 46 (5), 582-597.

[5] Aliev, R., Fazlollahi, B., Guirimov, B. and Aliev, R., 2007. Fuzzy-genetic approach to aggregate production–distribution planning in supply chain management. Information Sciences, 177 (20), 4241-4255.

[6] Amiri, M., Ekhtiari, M. and Yazdani, M., 2011. Nadir compromise programming: A model for optimization of multi-objective portfolio problem. Expert Systems with Applications, 38 (6), 7222-7226.

[7] Ballot, E. and Fontane, F., 2010. Reducing transportation CO2 emissions through pooling of supply networks: perspectives from a case study in French retail chains. Production Planning & Control, 21 (6), 640-650.