全民健康保險對婦女生育選擇的影響

台灣政府於1995年3月1日實施了全民健康保險制度（全民健保）。藉由”第七次、第八次台灣地區縣市家庭計劃與生育保健調查數據”，將延伸探討「全民健保是否影響婦女生育選擇」。此外，我的結論是由兩次的家庭計畫和生育健康調查的比較，對照而得。在相關的研究中，有些是分析「孩子的關係質與量」，有些則是「關注全民健保對新生兒的健康狀態的影響」。本研究是第一次嘗試探討「全民健保對子女數目的影響」。此外，子女數目我們將之分為三種類型：理想孩子數、期望孩子數及現有孩子數。　　我們將受訪者的健康保險狀況分為實驗組及對照組，探討實施全民健保對孩子數的改變為何。本研究所採用的方法為差異中的差異，其方法為控制對照組及實驗組之間的差異；最後研究的實證結果顯示，全民健保對於婦女的生育選擇有一個顯著的影響。

關鍵字

全民健康保險；婦女生育意願；差異中的差異

並列摘要

Taiwan's government launched the National Health Insurance system (NHI) on March 1, 1995. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the NHI affect the women’s reproductive decisions based on the data of “The Seventh and Eighth Family Planning and Reproductive Health Survey in Taiwan”. My conclusion is derived from the comparison of two rounds of family planning and reproductive health survey. Some studies put attention on the influence of NHI on the newborn’s health status, while some studies analyzes the relationship quality and quantity of children. This study is the first attempt to investigate the influence of NHI on the number of children. Furthermore, the number of children in this analysis is classified into three types: the ideal number of children, expected number of children and the actual number of children. The whole sample is categorized by the control group and treatment group by the respondent’s health insurance status. To investigate the change in the number of children before and after the implement of NHI, I adopt the method Difference-in-Difference (DID), which controls the potential difference between control and treatment groups. The empirical results show that NHI has a statistically significant and positive effect on the women’s reproductive decisions.