橋梁檢測品質保證方法之探討

橋梁管養作業十分繁複，包含了橋梁檢測、橋梁維修、橋梁管理等，由於專業性高、散佈範圍廣，主管機關有限的人力，常面臨查驗不易的難處，因此橋梁維護管理業務成效，短期內難以彰顯。為解決此問題，交通部乃指示縣市政府辦理橋梁檢測作業同時，應建立必要之品質管制(Quality Control, QC)、品質保證(Quality Assurance,QA)及外部稽核(AUDIT)制度。用以確保橋梁基本資料、檢測及維修資料之正確性。在此三級作業方式中，品質管制由符合檢測資格的顧問公司等單位負責、品質保證由縣市政府自辦、委辦(含共同承攬,JV)或單獨遴選，外部稽核目前則由財團法人中華顧問工程司(China Engineering Consultants, INC.)會同交通部運輸研究所(Institute of transportation, MOTC)一同辦理。此一分工作業方式於民國102年起全面實施。本研究針對「品質保證(QA) 」分別就自辦、委辦或單獨遴選制度的優缺點及執行上可能發生的問題進行制度面探討(其他問題包含政策面、制度面、法規面、技術面、執行面)，並期待透過本文探討及建議，達到橋梁檢測制度面的合理化。討論結果認為委辦制度中的(共同承攬,JV)制度缺失最多，單獨遴選制度成效較佳。

關鍵字

橋梁管養；品質管制(QC) ；品質保證(QA) ；外部稽核(AUDIT) ；共同承攬(JV) ；單獨遴選

並列摘要

Bridge management and maintenance, operations are extremely complicated.including bridge inspection, bridge maintenance, bridge management, etc. Because. of professional, wide spread range, the government only Limited manpower, often difficult to examine the difficulties faced, therefore bridge maintenance and management business results in the short term difficult to demonstrate. To solve this problem, the Ministry of Transportation is Indicative County and city council, the necessity for quality control (QC), quality assurance (QA) and an external auditing arrangement in regards to bridge inspection operations. To ensure the maintenance of basic bridge maintenance data, the inspection and maintenance operations should be of an accurate standard. Three levels of operation methods exist –QC undertaken by the coincidence detection of qualified consultants and other units, QA run by the county or city council government, commissioned (joint contract (joint venture, JV) or a separate selection, and external audits carried out by the China Engineering Consultants in conjunction with the Institute of Transportation, MOTC. The full implementation in the distribution of operations has been underway since 2013 years. The research aim on "Quality Assurance (QA) ", respectively running the advantages and disadvantages commissioned or individual selection system and the problems that may occur are discussed, and look forward to explore and suggestions through this article, to rationalize bridge inspection (system side). Discuss the results that the commissioned system in most JV system deficiencies and alone selection system have the best effectiveness.

並列關鍵字

bridge management and maintenance ； quality control (QC) ； quality assurance (QA) ； audit, joint venture(JV)bridge management and maintenance ； quality control (QC) ； quality assurance (QA) ； audit ； joint venture(JV) ； alone selection systemalone selection system