目的:探討針對中老年人介入八週的核心肌群訓練後,對其功能性體適能與平衡能力之影響。研究方法:以52位年滿50歲以上雲嘉南附近一帶的中老年人為研究對象,實驗前採立意分配成實驗組29人(63.10±6.08歲、155.95±6.12公分、57.71±9.96公斤)及對照組23人(62.43±7.66歲、158.39±6.85公分、61.76±11.26公斤),分別於課程介入前後進行功能性體適能測驗(上肢肌力、下肢肌力、下半身柔軟度、上半身柔軟度、敏捷∕動態平衡、有氧能力、身體質量指數)與平衡能力檢測(動態平衡、靜態平衡)。實驗組進行為期八週、每次90分鐘的核心肌群訓練課程,包括每週一次的團體課程和兩次的居家自主運動,並且依照漸進原則將課程分為三個階段,由基礎訓練到進階訓練,在不同階段施以不同強度的訓練課程;而對照組則不介入任何課程。資料處理與統計:本研究利用SPSS 17.0統計軟體進行分析,以描述性統計及單因子共變數分析進行檢定,顯著水準訂為α=.05。結果:實驗組在接受八週核心肌群訓練介入課程之後,身體質量指數、上肢肌力、下肢肌力、有氧能力以及靜態平衡能力等檢測項目均有顯著差異,而下半身柔軟度、上半身柔軟度以及敏捷∕動態平衡則無顯著差異。結論:核心肌群訓練能有效改善中老年人之身體質量指數、下肢肌力、上肢肌力、有氧能力等部分功能性體適能與靜態平衡能力,故非常適合推廣至老年族群運動,以促進身體健康、預防跌倒意外事故。
Purpose: To explore the effects of core muscles training on functional fitness and balance in middle-aged and elderly adults. Methods: Fifty-two volunteers were recruited in this study. Subjects were divided into experimental group (n=29, age: 63.10±6.08 yrs, height: 155.95±6.12 cm, mass: 57.71±9.96 kg) and control group (n=23, age: 62.43±7.66 yrs, height: 158.39±6.85 cm, mass: 61.76±11.26 kg) by their personal preference. The experimental group was instructed to progressively increase the intensities in core muscle training by the body weight for 3 days per week, 90 minutes per session for eight weeks. Pre- and Post-tests were implemented before and after the intervention in both groups. The data collected included results for senior fitness test and clinical test of sensory interaction on balance (CTSIB). A mixed design, one-way ANCOVA was used to evaluate the difference between groups after training for each parameter. Significant level was set at α=.05. Results: The experimental group had significant improvement on body mass index, upper and lower body muscle strength, aerobic endurance and static balance. But, there were no significant changes observed on upper and lower body flexibility and agility / dynamic balance. Conclusions: Core muscles training can improve body mass index, upper and lower body muscle strength, aerobic endurance and static balance in middle-aged and elderly adults.