都市農園之臺灣模式的探討與分析─以臺中市為例

過度都市化發展，城市持續擴張的現象，導致環境受到污染破壞、生態系統失衡，氣候變遷成為全球重要環境課題之一。IPCC於2007年公布的第四次「減緩氣候變遷」評估報告指出全球暖化係由人為溫室氣體增漲，加強了溫室效應。透過減緩溫室效應以及節能減碳等手段藉以因應氣候變遷，儼然已是世界各國的共識。在供應都市糧食，生產到運送的過程當中，佔城市碳排放量四分之一。反觀臺灣國內，近八成人口居住於都市計畫地區，糧食需求密集且大量，使得都市糧食碳足跡成為我們應該立即重視與因應的關鍵課題。　　本研究關注於城市中生產作物的都市農園及其對降低食物碳足跡可能做出的貢獻。選取臺中市做為研究的樣本，探討在臺中市現有的都市環境條件中，如何讓都市農園能夠有效且具備實質效益地落實的具體作法，並找出一系列能夠以符合低碳原則的方式利用城市空間達到減緩都市實物里程的可行模式。　　在研究過程中應用了個案研究法進行國外內案例的比較與分析，再以問卷調查法針對選定的區域居民實施問卷調查藉以掌握民眾對與都市農園之認知與看法，並應用現地訪查法透過實際走訪及了解臺中市區現行都市農園的概況。藉由以上調查所得的分析，嘗試提出能夠在臺中市及與臺中市條件相近的都市環境中落實都市農耕的操作模式之建議。　　依據本研究的觀察與發現，臺中市具備若干有利於推行都市農園的優勢條件。臺中市區擁有多種類型適耕的都市空間與土地、社區及校園中潛藏著對推行都市農園所需的穩定且珍貴的人力資源、加上民間第三部門在施行都市農園上所能提供的知識技術上的專業支援等多面向的資源條件。整合上述的優勢條件，本研究最終提出了一套可適用於臺灣城市多元類型的資源都市農園模式，若能輔以確保都市農園持續經營的策略與機制，都市適應全球環境變遷的能力與韌性的提升指日可待，且我們的城市應更有能力回應各項氣候變遷所衍生的環境危機及其相關的課題。

關鍵字

都市農園；食農教育；食物里程；氣候變遷

並列摘要

The phenomena of excessive urbanization and continuous urban expansion have caused environmental contamination, dilapidated the ecosystem, and leads to a global scale climate change. These problematic situations have become global environmental issues that require immediate attention and action. The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), the IPCC published in 2007, clearly pointed out that global warming is caused by the continuous increasing the greenhouse gasses and enhance the greenhouse effect. To mitigating the greenhouse effect and to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions have already been the world widely consensus and actions that we need to take in responding to climate change. As we may already notice, 25% of the urban area carbon emissions is subject to the production and delivery of the food. In Taiwan, eighty percent of the population live in the urban area, the inevitable large demand of food has made the issue of the carbon footprint of food for the urban area even more urgent and critical. This research focuses on the study of urban farming and its potential contribution to the reduction of food carbon footprint caused by the food supply for urban consumption. In this research, Taichung has been chosen as the study sample for exploring how urban farming can be effectively implemented with substantial benefits in current environmental conditions, and to develop a series of practical strategies to utilize urban space, in complying with lower carbon principles, in order to mitigate the carbon footprint caused by urban food supply. In the course of this research, Case Study is used in conducting a comparative analysis of cases in cities of other countries; Questionnaire is used for finding out verify how much the residents in selected area acknowledge and how they think about urban farming; Field Survey is used in visiting the operating urban farms in Taichung area in order to get an overview. With subsequent analysis of all the findings gathered in the investigations and survey,practical means of implementing urban farming in Taichung and other cities with a similar urban condition are to be developed and proposed in the conclusion of this research. According to the findings and the observation, this research finds out several advantages that are beneficial for promoting urban farming. Firstly, there are various types of arable land and potential space suitable for implementing urban farming in Taichung; secondly, residential communities and schools nearby provide stable and precious human resources which are substantial to urban farming; additionally, professional support in farming knowledge and skills from private organizations and third parties are available. By integrating the multiple advantages and resources just mentioned above, this research is proposing a mode for practicing urban farming that is applicable to the cities in Taiwan. With the proper strategy in management, a sustainable development of urban farming can be assured, raise of the adaptability of cities in responding to the global changes can be expected, eventually, our cities can better react to the environmental crises and related issues derived from the climate change.

並列關鍵字

Urban Farming ； Food Education ； Food Miles ； Climate Change

參考文獻

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都市農園之臺灣模式的探討與分析─以臺中市為例

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