國劇臉譜之意象認知及其設計應用

為了保存中國民間的藝術，並認同本土藝術文化的精髓，本研究以發揚中國傳統文化為目的。然而中國傳統文化種類不計其數，可研究的範圍極大，其研究題材特別選擇國劇中的國劇臉譜為主題，來作為文化研究的題目。國劇是中國傳統戲曲中重要的文化藝術之一。在傳統戲曲中，以各種顏色在演員面部所勾畫特殊譜式圖案，而淨、丑是採用臉譜做為面部化妝最為明顯的兩種主要角色；國劇人物的造型，主要在顯示該人物之特性，尤為明顯的則是在臉上所勾畫之臉譜，其代表著社會中形形色色之人物，如忠、奸、善、惡、美、醜等分別得非常清晰，因而反映出人物的人格表現和性情特徵，表現了構圖的美感及色彩之巧妙使用。本研究以國劇臉譜圖像意象進行調查，探討不同類型的國劇臉譜之意象並對受測者進行研究，以獲得現代受測者和不同時代的民眾之間的認知差異性，將臉譜意象予以數量化分析，探討圖像要素不同形式之認知感受。並掌握其真正的共同經驗法則。並以SD法（語意差異法）進行主成分分析，將其構造化，從結果中獲得生活在現代的受測者對國劇臉譜意象認知，進而得到較佳化之意象元素將其運用在產品設計上。

關鍵字

意象；文化；國劇；臉譜；設計

並列摘要

In order to preserve Chinese folk arts and identify the essence of native arts and cultures, this study aims at promoting traditional Chinese cultures. Since there are all kinds of cultures and the range to study is very wide, Chinese opera masks are selected as the theme subject and a topic of a culture study. Chinese Opera is one of the most important arts and cultures among Chinese traditional plays. For traditional plays, various colors are present in special patterns. And "Jing"(the painted face） and "Chou" (the jester） are the most obvious roles imposing masks as face make-ups. The character appearances of Chinese Opera symbolize the characteristics. Especially it is very obvious that the masks painted on the faces represent all kinds of characters, such as loyalists, villains, kind people, evils, beauties, and ugly people and so on, which reflects personalities and emotional characteristics, shows the sense of beauty in the composition and the artful usage of colors. This study works on examining the imagery of Chinese Opera masks, exploring the imagery of various Chinese Opera masks and looking into the investigated group to acquire the cognitive differences between contemporary investigated group and the people from different ages, And make a thorough inquire on various forms of recognition and sense of image elements by making a quantification analyze on imagery of Chinese Opera masks. Furthermore, make a real control on common rules of thumb. And use the method of semantic differential to do a principal component analysis, make it structurized, and acquire the imagery recognition of Chinese Opera masks from the investigated group living in the modern society, and finally get a better idea of the imagery elements which can be imposed in the industry design.