臺大實驗林鳳凰自然教育園區毒蛾亞科（鱗翅目：裳蛾科）調查

Inventory and Name List of Lymantriinae(Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in Feng-Huang Nature Education Area, Experimental Forest, NTU

陳陽發(Young-Fa Chen) ； 古宏政(Hung-Cheng Ku) ； 林育綺(Yu-Chi Lin) ； 林容諄(Rung-Juen Lin) ； 徐堉峰(Yu-Feng Hsu) ； 陳勇至(Yung-Chih Chen)

《國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告》 31卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 25-40

https://doi.org/10.6542/EFNTU.2017.31(1).4

摘要

毒蛾為中、小型蛾類，其成蟲的停棲方式、幼蟲的形態與行為，加上其會引發人體過敏之毒毛，皆適合作為解說教育教材。本研究每月定期調查，建立毒蛾種類於不同季節之多樣性變化及生態調查。2015年1月至2015年12月之調查期間，以夜間水銀燈誘集成蟲及日間採集幼蟲，總計共調查到12屬18種毒蛾。其中春天4至5月夜間水銀燈誘集之毒蛾佔全部調查結果之41%，為毒蛾主要發生之期間，而夏、秋二季各佔全部調查結果之27%與23%，推測春天為毒蛾科主要發生之季節。所採得毒蛾成蟲個體中有5種40隻為黃毒蛾屬，全年可見，為鳳凰自然教育園區之優勢類群。本研究又以臺灣黃毒蛾幼蟲為對象進行特化刺毛的顯微觀察，發現其體上主要有兩種刺毛，分別為特化刺毛及普通刺毛，而普通刺毛聚集成的黑色毛叢為主要使人致敏的區域。本文亦彙整出所調查到之毒蛾的寄主植，多數種類為廣食性，取食包括造林樹種、茶類等多種經濟或觀賞作物，未來鳳凰自然教育園區的造林地、茶園及茶花園的經營管理上，應更加積極針對毒蛾進行監測及防治。

關鍵字

鳳凰自然教育園區 ； 毒蛾 ； 多樣性 ； 監測

並列摘要

Lymantriinae are a family of moth with moderate to small size, the sensitized poisonous hair. The behavior of Iymantriid larvae and adults makes them suitable materials for education and for promoting the observations of moths. This study observed seasonal changes in Iymantriid diversity through regular monthly surveys. During the study period (January 2015 to December 2015), mercury lamps were used to attract Iymantriids, in which 75 adult and 16 larvae individuals (12 genera and 18 species) were found. The one-year survey showed that 41% of Iymantriids were active in spring (April to May) and 27% and 23% in summer and fall, respectively. Therefore, spring appears to be the major active season for lymantriids. During this study period, Euproctis species were the most abundant species, with 40 adults belonging to 5 Euproctis species, and they could be found all year round, suggesting that they were the major lymantrids of Feng-Huang Nature Education Area. We examined two kinds of poisonous hairs, modified setae and setae (spicule hairs) in larvae of Euproctis taiwana by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The setae that form a clusters of black patches may irritate the skin. Moreover, the checklist of host plants of lymantriids was also provided. Most Iymantriids species found were polyphagous, feeding on plantation species, tea and other economic or ornamental crops. The more active monitoring of lymantriids should be included in the future management of plantation, tea and camellia in Feng-Huang Nature Education Area.

並列關鍵字

Feng-huang Nature Education Area ； Lymantriinae ； Diversity ； monitor