台灣民間特有的疾病觀念之探討－以四湖鄉爲例

A Pilot Study on Twelve Popular Illness Believes in Shu-Hu

陳鴻銘(Hong-Ming Chen) ； 楊志良(Chih-Liang Yaung)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 3期 (1984/03) Pp. 46-57

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1984-03-01-06

摘要

為了探討十二種民間持有的疾病觀念的流傳狀況及其所代表的症狀群，在民國七十二年九月間以隨機集束抽樣法訪視四湖鄉的民衆，以瞭解民衆對這些疾病觀念的認知與相信的程度，益由民衆敘述其所代表的症狀，進行了影響因素和代表症狀群的統計分析。所得到之結果為：
1.民衆普遍都認知（89%以上）和相信（70%以上）有這些疾病觀念。教育程度的影響較大，其次依序是都市化程度，年齡及性別。教育程度高或城市型地區的民衆比較傾向於沒聽過手。不相信這些觀念；三十歲以下民衆比較傾向於沒聽過這些觀念：性別之影響甚小。
2.每個疾病觀念都代表著某一特定的症狀群，可知在民衆醫療觀念裏，自有其解釋症狀和病因的理論。而此種解釋理論與正統醫學教育之內容相差頗鉅，必然會對醫師與病人溝通或民衆的衛生醫療行為，具有重大的影響力。

並列摘要

A random cluster sample of 166 households in Shu-nu were interviewed in September 1983 in order to understand the prevelence of knowledge and belief on twelve popular illness concepts of rural people in Taiwan.
The studied illness concepts were entirely diffenent from those of modern medicine.
Factors influencing the knowledge and belief of those concepts were analyzed. In addition, sympton complex of those believes were described in modern medical terminology tried by the authors.
The main results were as following:
1. Among those twelve illness believes. the lowest knowledgement rate is 89% and the rate for belief is 70%.
2. The education level was the most important factor in determining the knowledge and belief of these twelve concepts. Other influential factors are urbanization, age and sex accordingly.
Residents with higher educational level, more urbanized living style, and younger age were more likely not knowing and not believing the illness concepts. Nevertheless, there was little difference between males and females.
3. Each illness concepts represented some particular sympton complex. There were some rationale for the syrnptons and etiologies of those popular illness believes.
4. As popular illness concepts have never been discussed or taught in medical schools, the gap of knowledge and belief between health personnel and the puplic are certainly affecting their mutual communication and relationship and causing difficulties for effective diagnosis and treatment.