臺北縣雙溪鄉國小學童血壓、血脂及肥胖之流行病學調查研究

Epidemiological Survey on Blood Pressure, Serum Lipids Andobesity in Primary School Children in a Rural Village-Shuan Shi Village of Taipei County

盧豐華(Feng-Hwa Lu) ； 宋元宏(Yuan-Hung Sung) ； 張智仁(Chin-Jen Chang) ； 曾文雄(Wen-Hsiung Robert Tseng)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 9卷4期 (1989/12) Pp. 198-209

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1989-09-04-03

摘要

為了解鄉村地區國小學童的身高、體重、血壓、血清膽固醇、三酸甘油脂及皮下脂肪厚度之分布，並探討肥胖、血壓及血脂值間的關係，於民國76年10月間，以臺北縣雙溪鄉四所國民小學全體學童為對象，樣本數佔全鄉國小學齡學童98.6%，共l,159名。測量其身高、體重、血壓、肱三頭肌皮下脂肪厚度，並抽血檢驗血清膽固醇及三酸甘油脂值。
結果顯示臺北縣雙溪鄉國小學童的身高、體重、收縮壓、舒張懲、皮下脂肪厚度及血清膽固醇值，均隨年齡之增加而增加；血清三酸甘油脂值則自九歲以後亦隨年齡增加而增加。學童的身高、體重和三酸甘油脂值較民國71年臺北市學童調查結果為低；收縮壓較後者為高；舒張壓和膽固醇值二者則相近。
學童肥胖的盛行率為10.2%，其中輕度肥胖者3.5%，中度肥胖者3.9%，高度肥胖者2.8%。肥胖學童比非肥胖學童有顯著較高之收縮壓、舒張壓、身高、血清膽固醇值、三酸甘油脂值、皮下脂肪厚度及上臂臂圍。高血壓的盛行率為2.1%，較臺北市研究0.5%為高，其中僅收縮壓高者有17名(1.5%)，僅舒張壓高者有6名(0.5%)，二者皆高者有1名(0.1%)。高血壓學童的身高、體重、皮下脂肪厚度及上臂臂圍均顯著高於正常血壓學童，但血清膽固醇及三酸甘油脂值則無顯著差別。
高膽固醇血症學童的盛行率為10.9%，較臺北市民國71年的調查研究6.6%為高，其體重及血清三酸甘油脂值，均顯著高於正常膽固醇學童。高三酸甘油脂血症學童的盛行率為2.2%，和臺北市研究2.4%相近，其身高、體重、血清膽固醇值、皮下脂肪厚度及上臂臂圍均顯著高於正常三酸甘油脂學童。

並列摘要

The aims of the study were to determine the distribution of height, weight, blood pressure, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and to investigate the interrelationship among obesity, blood pressure and serum lipids. We surveyed all the children in 4 primary schools in Shuan Shi Village, Taipei County in 1987. The sample size was 1159 which represent 98.6% of all the primary school children in the area. We measured their height, body weight, blood pressure, thickness of the triceps skin-fold. Fasting serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were also analyzed. The results showed that height, body weight, blood pressure, thickness of the triceps skinfold as well as serum cholesterol increased with the age of the subjects. The level of triglycerides was also found to increase with age after 9 years old. Children in this study had lower mean levels of body height, body weight and serum triglyceride and higher mean levels of systolic blood pressure than Taipei city children surveyed in 1982. The overall pervalence of obesity was 10.2%. Slighty obese cases were 3.5%, 3.9% moderately obese and 2.8% were very obese. The children who were obese did have significantly higher blood pressure, height, serum cholesterol or triglyceride levels, thickness of the triceps skinfold or forearm circumference. The prevalence of hypertension was 2.1%, even incluluding 17 people (1.5%) who only had an elevated systolic blood pressure, 6 people (0.5%) who only had an elevated diastolic blood pressure and one subject (0.1%) had both a high systolic and diastolic pressure, which was heigher than result of Taipei city study (0.5%). The data for height, body weight, thickness of triceps skinfold and forearm circumference of the hypertensive children were higher than corresponding figures in normotensive subjects. However, serum cholesterol and triglycerides were not significantly different. The overall prevalence of hypercholesterolemia of the children was 10.9% which was higher than result of Taipei city study (6.6%). The values for body weight and serum triglycerides were all higher than in the normal subjects. The overall prevalence of hypeririglyceridemia in the children was 2.2% which was closed to result in Taipei (2.4%). Their height, body weight, serum cholesterol, thickness of triceps skinfold and forearm circumference were all significantly higher than normal subjects.

並列關鍵字

Hypertension ； Hypercholesterolemia ； Hypertriglyceridemia ； Obesity ； Child