台北兒童與母親飲料及糕餅點心中游離糖攝取研究

Consumption of free sugar from beverages, snacks, and desserts for children and their mothers in Taipei

盧立卿(Li-Ching Lyu) ； 呂雅婷(Ya-Ting Lu) ； 徐桂婷(Kuei-Ting Hsu) ； 游家佳(Chia-Chia Yu)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 37卷4期 (2018/08) Pp. 420-434

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH.201808_37(4).106134

摘要

目標：本研究澄清各種糖的計算方式，並探討母親與兒童飲料及糕餅點心游離糖（freesugar）的攝取狀況及相關性。方法：本次研究參考食品標示及文獻建立游離糖資料庫，並使用24小時飲食回憶法，評估來自世代研究中57對6歲及40對9歲的兒童及其母親游離糖攝取量。游離糖分成純果汁本身的糖及添加至飲料及食物中的糖，為果汁糖、飲料糖與糕餅點心糖的總和。結果：兒童游離糖平均攝取量及佔總熱量百分比，六歲為22.5±14.8g（6.4±4.3%），九歲為31.6±20.1g（8.0±4.6%），主要來自茶飲料及麵包類，九歲兒童飲料糖與游離糖的攝取量顯著高於六歲兒童（p＜0.05）。分析也發現兒童六歲時與母親攝取飲料糖（r_s=0.28, p＜0.05）跟果汁糖（r_s=0.38, p＜0.01）有顯著相關，但九歲並無顯著相關。結論：本次研究提供了台灣國人游離糖攝取量、食物來源與親子間食物攝取相關性的初步資料。發現兒童六歲時與母親飲食攝取有顯著相關，兒童六歲至九歲游離糖攝取隨年齡增加，雖皆符合國際建議（佔總熱量10%以下），但仍有進步空間。

關鍵字

游離糖 ； 飲料 ； 糕餅點心 ； 兒童 ； 世代研究

並列摘要

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify methods of calculation method of sugars, to estimate the intake, and to compare the intake of free sugar from beverages, snacks, and desserts between children and their mothers. Methods: Data from a prospective cohort included 57 and 40 mother-child pairs when children were at 6 and 9 years old, respectively. Consumption of free sugar was assessed using 24-hour recall. Free sugar was defined as processed and natural sugar in sweets and fruit juices; it was the sum of the sugars in juices, drinks, and snacks, and desserts. Quantification of free sugar was based on content listings on packaged foods and on information provided by several references. Results: The average daily intake of free sugar by 6-year-old children was 22.5±14.8g (6.4±4.3% of daily energy intake), and by 9-yearold children was 31.6±20.1g (8.0±4.6% of daily energy intake). ＂Tea drinks＂ and ＂breads＂ were the greatest sources of free sugar consumed. The consumption of free sugar and sugar in drinks was significantly higher at age 9 than at age 6 (p＜0.05). The intake of sugar from drinks (r_s =0.28, p＜0.05) and juices (r_s =0.38, p＜0.01) was significantly correlated between children and their mothers, when the children were 6 years of age, but not significantly correlated at age 9. Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary data on consumption of free sugar, the main food resources, and correlations between children and their mothers. Free sugar consumption increased from age 6 to 9 years, and there was strong correlation of sugar consumption between mothers and their 6-year-old children. Although the sugar consumption reported met WHO recommendations (less than 10% of daily energy intake), it still has room for improvement.

並列關鍵字

free sugar ； beverages ； snacks and desserts ； children ； cohort study

參考文獻

Malik, VS,Schulze, MB,Hu, FB(2016).Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: a systematic review.Am J Clin Nutr.84,274-88.

WHO(2015).Guideline: sugars intake for adults and children.

Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition(2015).Carbohydrates and health.

Nordic Council of Ministers(2014).Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012.Copenhagen:Nordisk Ministerrad.

衛生福利部國民健康署：高糖飲食對健康的影響。http://health99.hpa.gov.tw/flipbook/21945/#p=6。引用2017/10/21。Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, R.O.C. (Taiwan). The influence of a high sugar diet on health. Available at: http://health99.hpa.gov.tw/flipbook/21945/#p=6. Accessed October 21, 2017. [In Chinese]