採收前水分管理對椪柑果實貯藏期損耗之影響

為探討採收前斷水處理對椪柑不同大小果實貯藏期間損耗變化情形，供試植株分別於採前56、28、14、7及3天施行斷水處理，未達斷水日之植株固定週期另行滴灌至斷水，並以不斷水、不固定週期滴灌，僅由自然降雨供給水分者為對照。根據試驗結果，採前7天之內斷水者，大型果於貯放3天（癒傷）後，腐爛率即較其他斷水期限者高。從癒傷結束至貯藏1個月時，自採前56天斷水植株所取樣之果實，其中、大型果腐爛率高於小型果。果實貯藏期間的綠蒂率降低情形，有大型果下降較快的趨勢，顯示大型果較不耐貯藏。供試植株不論斷水期限為何，其果實貯藏1個月時，浮皮率均較癒傷結束時大幅增加，但在貯藏2個月時趨緩。早斷水植株所產小型果，在供試之3個月貯藏期中，其果汁可滴定酸含量均顯著較中、大型者高，採收14天內才斷水者，中型果之可滴定酸含量與小型果之差異未如早斷水者顯著。

關鍵字

柑橘；土壤水分管理；貯藏期；果實品質

並列摘要

To study the effect of pre-harvest water management on the losses of 'Ponkan' mandarin, mulching treatments were conducted together with five timing suspension irrigation treatments. In these treatments, supplemental irrigation was executed and suspended at 56, 28, 14, 7 and 3 days prior to harvest. In the control treatment, trees were grown only under rain fed conditions without any irrigation supply. After 3 days prestorage curing, the decay percentage of the largest fruit (＞27cm) was more than the size of the treatments of withholding water for less than 7 days prior to harvest. After fruit storage for one month, the treatment of withholding water supply 56 days prior to harvest produced more decay percentage in large (＞27cm) and medium (27cm-25cm) size fruits than in the small ones. The green button percentage of large and medium size fruits decreased gradually with the advancement of the storage period and the decreasing trend was influenced significantly by different treatments. At the first month of storage, an increase in peel puffiness was observed in all the treatments, but the increased rate slowed down in the next month. The small size fruit harvested from the trees withholding water supply 56 days prior to harvest showed higher titratable acidity than those picked from the trees withholding water supply 14 days prior to harvest for three month. In addition, the medium size and large size fruits from all the groups stopping the supply of water too close to harvesting showed the same titratable acidity compared with fruits treated with withholding water for 14 days before harvesting.

並列關鍵字

Citrus ； water management ； storage ； fruit quality

國際替代計量

採收前水分管理對椪柑果實貯藏期損耗之影響

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