潤滑基礎油與添加劑化學

Chemistry on the Lubricating Oil Additives and the Base Stocks

吳堅(James Wu) ； 許宏彰(Hun-Chang Sheu) ； 劉鎮相(Jin-Shang Liou) ； 陳中邦(James C. B. Chen)

《化學》 74卷4期 (2016/12) Pp. 341-348

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2016024

摘要

潤滑油性能係以基礎油物性為基礎，經功能添加劑的強化，而符合各種工況的需求。基礎油的性能與其化學組成密切相關，所以優良品質的基礎油必須經過精煉製程。精製技術由早先的溶劑萃取與白土吸附製程，已演進到現今的全氫化製程，同時品質也獲得了大幅的提升。添加劑的性能多為一劑多功，在配方中的增效與拮抗相互作用，其機轉尚難以理論精確表達。所以迄今引擎機油性能的鑑定，仍是以引擎台架試驗為主。添加劑公司配方開發，利用試誤法，再佐以實測印證亦是必要之途。

關鍵字

潤滑油 ； 基礎油 ； 潤滑油添加劑

並列摘要

The performance of lubricating oils are based on the properties of base stocks, and strengthened by functional additives to meet the requirements of a variety of working conditions. The properties of base stocks are closely related to its chemical compositions, so the refining process is needed to get the qualified base stocks. Refining process by the previous solvent extraction and clay adsorption has been replaced by the current all-hydrogenation process, and the quality of base stocks has been significantly improved. Most performance additives are multi-functional. The inter-actions, synergistic or conflicting, of additives in the formulations are difficult to accurately predicted. So far the evaluations ofengine oilperformance are mainly based on engine test results. And currently most additive companies still follow the procedure of trial and error and confirmed by field trial in their additive packages developing.

並列關鍵字

Lubricating oil ； Base stock ； Lubricating oil additive