農產品中棉酚含量檢測方法之開發及應用

Analytical Methodology to Detect Gossypol Residue in Agricultural Products

陳慧珊(Hui-Shan Chen) ； 陳思縈(Sz-Ying Chen) ； 徐慈鴻(Tsyr-Horng Shyu) ； 黃鎮華(Chen-Hua Huang)

《臺灣農藥科學》 1期 (2016/12) Pp. 183-194

https://doi.org/10.6671/TPS/2016.001.10

摘要

為探討農產品中棉籽及菇類棉酚殘留的情形，及其受棉酚污染的情形，本研究建立了農產品中棉酚殘留檢測技術。樣品以溶劑抽出，分別利用分光光度計、高效液相層析儀及液相層析串聯質譜儀進行定量和定性分析。本方法一至五分別適用於棉籽、棉籽粕 ( 方法一)、飼料 ( 方法二)、菇類 ( 方法三)、菇類太空包 ( 方法四) 及牛奶 ( 方法五) 等農產品中棉酚殘留檢測。各種農產品添加棉酚的回收率試驗結果顯示，回收率介於67 ~ 100%、回收率的變異係數 ＜ 20%，可以快速準確的進行殘留檢測之定性及定量，依據樣品種類及方法之不同差異，其方法定量極限於棉籽、棉籽殼及棉籽粕中為100 mg/kg、飼料中為5 mg/kg、菇類中為0.05 mg/kg、太空包中為0.02 mg/kg、牛奶中為0.01 mg/L，均能執行歐盟飼料原料及動物配合飼料中棉酚殘留限量標準之要求。利用建立的方法，進行農產品中棉酚殘留的調查，結果顯示，在63件樣品中，有23 件樣品檢測到棉酚殘留，除其中4 件棉籽之棉酚含量為6,347 ~ 7,325 mg/kg，其餘皆符合歐盟之規範。本方法之建立可提升農產品的檢驗技術品質，並監測其品質安全。

關鍵字

棉酚 ； 農產品 ； 飼料 ； 栽培介質 ； 基質匹配

並列摘要

To investigate sources of gossypol residue in cottonseed- and mushroom-based products, we developed five analytical methods to detect this pollutant in agricultural products. Specifically, to detect gossypol residues, we used a solvent to extract a gossypol sample and then analyzed this sample using a spectrophotometer, high performance liquid chromatography, or a liquid chromatograph/tandem mass spectrometer. Data showed that average recovery ranged from 67% to 100%, and the standard deviation (of triplicate experiments) was less than 20%. Moreover, our methods were quick and accurate for both quantitative and qualitative determination of gossypol, and gossypol limits of quantitation were 100 mg/kg in cottonseed, cottonseed hulls, and cottonseed meal; 5 mg/kg in feedstuff; 0.05 mg/kg in mushroom; 0.02 mg/kg in forest mushroom compost; and 0.01 mg/L in milk. Therefore, our proposed methods are suitable for the determination and screening of residues in the aforementioned agricultural products. Using our proposed methods, we further showed that accorded the European Union maximum levels of gossypol in animal feed (including feed material and complete feedstuff). Indeed, of the 63 agricultural product samples we analyzed, gossypol was detected in 23 of them. Furthermore, the concentration of detected gossypol ranged from 6,347 to 7,325 mg/kg in 4 cottonseed samples. Our proposed methods can should be applicable to the routine monitoring of gossypol residues and can improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.

並列關鍵字

gossypol ； agricultural products ； feedstuff ； growing medium ； matrix matched