本文回顧台灣高科技產業的發展及其相關議題之實證研究,包括高科技發展與經濟成長、高科技研發與外溢效果、高科技聚集與垂直分工體系、高科技學習效果、資訊科技的採用等議題。藉由分析高科技產業的特性,來探討台灣高科技產業發展的成功經驗,並分析當前的發展瓶頸及與經濟政策的關係。歸納以往的實證研究,台灣高科技產業的成長率比較傳統產業、其他國家高科技產業相對較高,反映出高科技產業的確有較高的技術優勢,及較佳的調整速度與成效。研發對產出成長之直接貢獻不大,但產業間與產業內之研發外溢效果對產出成長之影響則十分顯著。政府的研發彈性遠大於私人研發,並在台灣產業有相當重要的影響。高科技的產業群聚效應並對外溢效果、學習效果、高科技的垂直分工體系都有正面的效應。研究發展、資訊科技、電子化系統及其所產生的外溢效果亦對高科技產業的技術進步與發展有顯著的正面貢獻。
This paper surveys the empirical literature covering the development of Taiwan's high-technology industries. The topics include high-technology industries' development and economic growth, high-technology R&D and spillovers, high-technology clustering, the development of science-based parks, high-technology learning effects, and the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs). We show Taiwan’s successful experience with high-technology industries and explore the bottlenecks in current development as well as policy implications. In summary. Taiwan's hightechnology industries indeed show better performance and higher productivity than the traditional industries in that the high-technology industries reflect more advanced technology and relatively faster adjustment speeds when facing environmental shocks. The high-technology clustering effects derive from the positive impact of the associated spillover effects, learning effects, and the high-technology vertical disintegration system. The significant and positive productivity growth in Taiwan's high-technology industries is attributed to R&D, the adoption of ICTs and electronic systems, and their associated spillovers effects.