Evaluation of Formaldehyde Allergy in a Patch-test Population

臺大醫院23年來甲醛貼膚試驗結果分析

唐豪悅(Haw-Yueh Thong) ； 曾美萍(Mei-Ping Tseng) ； 孫啟璟(Chee-Ching Sun) ； 陳智亮(Tsu-Liang Chen)

《中華皮膚科醫學雜誌》 21卷2期 (2003/06) Pp. 119-125

https://doi.org/10.29784/DS.200306.0003

摘要

甲醛(formaldehyde)是常見於工業用品，化妝品及日常用品中的防腐劑，而且是一種強的過敏原，常造成過敏性接觸皮膚炎。我們報告二十三年來在臺大醫院對於甲醛之貼膚試驗的結果。在3403位受試者(1,006位男性，2,397位女性)當中，有128位(23男，105女)對甲醛呈現過敏反應。甲醛過敏的盛行率為3.8%。甲醛所造成的皮膚炎，在女性病人最常見的位置為頭頸部(45.5%)及手部(24.4%);在男性病人最常見的位置為手部(44.1%)及頭頸部(30.3%)。甲醛的來源，19.5%(25)與化妝品有關，只見於女性，其中96%(24)以臉部濕疹，1位病人以頭部濕疹表現。18%(10女，13男)與職業有關，87%(220)以至少包含手部的濕疹表現。大部分甲醛的來源難以界定。臨床上往往需要其他輔助的方法來協助找尋甲醛的來源。我們並針對甲醛陽性之貼膚試驗結果及臨床上判讀所面臨的問題作整理回顧。

並列摘要

Formaldehyde (FA) in industrial, cosmetics and house-hold products is of importance for the
induction of allergic contact dermatitis. Among 3,403 patients(1,006 men, 2,397 women) consecutive-
ly patch tested at National Taiwan University Hospital in the past 23 years, 128 patients (23 men, 105
women) showed a positive reaction to FA. The overall prevalence rate of FA sensitivity was 3.8%. The
women patch-tested presented with eczema primarily involving the head and neck region, followed by
the hands and arms, whereas the men more frequently presented as a hand dermatitis. Among them
19.5%(25 women) were suspected due to cosmetics; 24 women presented with a facial dermatitis and,
1 presented with a dermatitis on the scalp. 18%(10 women and 13 men) of the studied population diag-
nosed an occupational dermatitis, 87%(20 patients) had a dermatitis involving at least the hands.
Often the sources of FA sensitivity are occult. Further patch testing with preservative series or industrial
biocide tray, as well as chemical analysis for the identification of FA using chromotropic acid method in
the cosmetics, hair preparations and chemical products in contact with the patients may facilitate in
identifying the source of allergen.

並列關鍵字

Cosmetics ； Occupatioal Exposure ； Facial dermatitis ； Formaldehyde