- 期刊
反芻思考與知覺運動表現在頂尖運動員之關聯：運動心理技能的調節效果
Relationship between Rumination and Perceived Athletic Performance among Elite Athletes: The Moderating Effect of Sport Psychological Skills
摘要
目的：本研究旨在探討不同類型之反芻思考與運動員知覺運動表現於香港頂尖運動之關聯性，並進一步檢驗運動心理技能對反芻與知覺運動表現間的調節效果。方法：以118位來自香港體育學院12種運動項目之頂尖運動員作為研究對象（男性60人、女性58人、平均年齡=18.81±5.47歲），共完成了運動心理技能、多向度反芻與知覺運動表現等自陳式測量問卷。結果：負面反芻（情緒焦點、意義尋找）負向預測了知覺運動表現，而正面反芻（功能性反芻）則正向預測知覺運動表現；調節分析結果發現，壓力處理與逆境調適和自信心相關的運動心理技能較低之運動員，其情緒焦點反芻與知覺運動表現會呈現顯著負相關。結論：本研究結果指出了多向度反芻對知覺運動表現之正向與負向影響，並進一步提供了運動心理技能緩衝情緒焦點反芻負向影響知覺運動表現的可能性。也意味著運動員採用心理技能訓練對於其緩解情緒焦點反芻思考對表現的影響有其重要性。
並列摘要
Purpose: The current study aimed to examine the relationship between different dimensions of rumination (emotional-focused, meaning-searching, and instrumental ruminations) and perceived athletic performance, and further explore the moderating effect of sport psychological skills on the paths from rumination on perceived athletic performance among elite athletes. Method: 118 elite athletes (60 males and 58 females, mean age = 18.81 ± 5.47 years) from 12 sports in Hong Kong Sports Institute were recruited. The athletes completed self-reported measures of rumination, sport psychological skills and perceived athletic performance. Results: Regression analysis revealed that negative rumination (emotional-focused, meaning-searching) negatively predicted perceived athletic performance, whereas positive rumination (functional rumination) positively predicted perceived athletic performance. Additionally, moderation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between emotional-focused rumination and perceived athletic performance among athletes with lower scores in the domains of peaking under pressure and coping with adversity, and self-confidence. Conclusion: The current findings suggest the influence of emotion-focused rumination on perceived athletic performance and provide the initial evidence of sport psychological skills as factors buffering the negative effects of emotion-focused rumination on athletic performance. It also underscores the importance of incorporating psychological skill training into regular training to mitigate the influence of emotion-focused rumination on athletic performance.