Genetic Analysis of Chrysanthemum Hybrids Based on RAPD Molecular Markers

利用RAPD偵測菊花雜交後代遺傳性

黃勝忠(Sheng-Chung Huang) ； 蔡奇助(Chi-Chu Tsai) ； 許謙信(Chian-Shinn Sheu)

《Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica》 41卷4期 (2000/10) Pp. 257-262

https://doi.org/10.7016/BBAS.200010.0257

摘要

利用45條隨機引子，以RAPD分析三個菊花雜交組合，其中有22條引子可產生有效複製產物。本研究發現RAPD的所有分子標志中可歸為七類。第一類在父、母及子代皆出現的分子標志；第二類僅出現在父及母代的分子標志；第三類僅出現在父及子代的分子標志；第四類僅出現在母及子代的分子標志；第五類為父親特有的分子標志；第六類為母親特有的分子標志；第七類為子代特有的分子標志。上述七類分子標志中，第三類分子標志適合從事鑑別真實父親。第七類標志為新雜交品種的特有標志，適合用於保護育種者品種專利的標志。第一、三及四類標志為從親代到子代具加成性之標志。本研究三個菊花雜交組合中，加成性的標志佔34.4%到48.9%，子代消失之標志佔38.0%到52.6%，子代特有之標志佔11.6%到13.1%。此外，由上述三個雜交組合相似性之值發現，子代并不一定與父親或母親相似，甚至部分出現雙親的相似性較親代與子代相似性高的現象。由本試驗之結果可進一部闡明菊花遺傳機制的複雜性。

關鍵字

菊花 ； 分子標演誌 ； 雜交後代 ； 隨機複製多型性 ； DNA

並列摘要

Forty-five random primers were screened, of which twenty-two primers were selected to detect the molecular marker in three hybrid combinations of Chrysanthemum by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). From this study, the patterns of molecular markers could be classified into seven types: Type I markers shared bands in both parents, and offspring; Type II markers shared bands in male and female parents; Type III markers shared bands in male parent and offspring; Type IV markers shared bands in female parent, and offspring; Type V markers were presented in the male parent only; Type VI markers were present in the female parent only; Type VII markers were present in offspring only. Of these, only Type III markers were suitable for identifying the true male parent. Different unique markers of Type VII in offspring are quite suitable as identifying markers of new hybrids to protect the rights of plant breeders. In this study, 34.4% to 48.9% of the RAPD markers were found to reveal additivity among parents and offspring in three hybrid combinations of Chrysanthemum. However, 38% to 52.6% of markers (Type II, V, and VI) were absent in offspring, but 11.6% to 13.1% of unique markers (Type VII) were present in offspring. Moreover, there were no definite rules as to whether markers in offspring were more similar to female or to male parents by similarity analysis. In two hybrid combinations, the parents were more similar to each other than either was to the offspring. The above results illustrate that the genetics of Chrysanthemum are very complex. RAPDs, however, are a powerful tool to detect different molecular markers in hybrid populations of Chrysanthemum cultivars.

並列關鍵字

Chrysanthemum ； Hybrids ； Molecular marker ； RAPD