利用RAPD分子標誌進行菊花雜交後代遺傳性之研究

Using RAPD Molecular Markers for the Genetic Analysis of Chrysanthemum hybrids

黃勝忠(Sheng-Chung Huang) ； 蔡奇助(Chi-Chu Tsai) ； 許謙信(Chian-Shinn Sheu)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 67期 (2000/06) Pp. 27-36

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.200006.0027

摘要

利用45條隨機引子進行RAPD法分析三個菊花雜交組合，其中有22條引子可產生有效複製產物。本研究發現RAPD的所有分子標誌中可歸為七類。第一類在父、母及子代皆出現的分子標誌；第二類僅出現在父及母代的分子標誌；第三類僅出現在父及子代的分子標誌；第四類僅出現在母及子代的分子標誌；第五類為父代特有的分子標誌；第六類為母代特有的分子標誌；第七類為子代特有的分子標誌。上述七類分子標誌中，第三類的分子標誌適合從事鑑別真實的父代，第七類的標誌為新雜交品種的特有標誌，適合作為保護育種者品種專利的標誌。且僅第一、三及四類的標誌從親代到子代具加成性，在三個雜交組合中，加成性的標誌佔34.4到48.9%，子代消失之標誌佔38.0到52.6%，子代特有之標誌佔11.6到13.1%。此外，子代與父親或母親的相似性並無一定規則，甚至部分出現雙親的相似性較親代與子代相似性高的現象。由本試驗之結果可進一步闡明菊花遺傳機制的複雜性。

關鍵字

菊花 ； 分子標誌 ； 雜交 ； 隨機複製多型性DNA

並列摘要

Forty-five random primers were screened of which twenty-two primers were selected to detect the molecular marker in three hybrid combinations of Chrysanthemum by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). From this study, the patterns of molecular markers could be classified into seven types. Type I markers shared bands in male and female parents, and offspring. Type II markers shared bands in male and female parents. Type III markers shared bands in male parent and offspring. Type IV markers shared bands in female parent and offspring. Type V markers were presented in male only. Type VI markers were present in female only. Type VII markers were present in offspring only. In all seven types of RAPD markers, Type I, III, and IV belong to additive markers between parents and offspring. Of them, Type III markers were suitable to be used for identifying true male. Different unique markers of Type VII in offspring are quite suitable to be used for identifying the markers in new hybrid to protect the right of plant breeders. In this study, 34.4% to 48.9% of the RAPD markers were found to reveal additivity among parents and offspring in three populations of Chrysanthemum. However, 38% to 52.6% of markers (Type II, V, and VI) were absent in offspring, but 11.6% to 13.1% of unique markers (Type VII) present in offspring. Moreover, there were no definite rules as to whether markers in offspring were more similar to female or to male parents by similarity analysis, even though that within parents were more similar than between parent and offspring among two hybrid combinations. From above results, it showed that the genetics of Chrysanthemum were very complex. In conclusion, the technique of RAPD would be a powerful tool to detect the different molecular markers in the hybrid populations of Chrysanthemum cultivars.

並列關鍵字

Chrysanthemum ； Molecular marker ； Hybridization ； RAPD