稉稻新品種台農84號之育成

Breeding a New Japonica Rice Variety Tainung 84

陳隆澤(Lung-Che Chen) ； 廖大經(Dai-Jing Liao) ； 黃守宏(Shou-Horng Huang) ； 卓緯玄(Woei-Shyuan Jwo) ； 顏信沐(Hsin-Mu Yen) ； 羅正宗(Jeng-Chung Lo) ； 陳榮坤(Rong-Kuen Chen)

《台灣農業研究》 60卷3期 (2011/09) Pp. 221-238

https://doi.org/10.6156/JTAR/2011.06003.07

摘要

台農84號係行政院農業委員會農業試驗所嘉義分所於2002年第1期作以台稉2號為母本與嘉農育872065號為父本進行雜交，後代歷經分離世代選拔、初、高級產量比較試驗、區域試驗、稻米品質分析、食味檢定、氮肥效應試驗、稻穀儲藏試驗及各項特性檢定後，由F5系統中選出嘉農育941002號品系，於2010年6月17日經「行政院農業委員會農業試驗所植物品種命名審議委員會」審查通過，正式命名推廣。台農84號為短圓型稉稻品種，其米粒外觀良好，心白、腹白、背白均少，透明度佳，食味品質優良，稻穀產量高，穀粒略大，株型良好，耐倒伏性佳，穗上發芽率較低，脫粒性適中，適宜機械收穫；品種特性檢定結果顯示對於稻熱病、褐飛蝨、白背飛蝨及斑飛蝨等病蟲害具有抗性，但對於白葉枯病及紋枯病則不具抗性。本品種為中晚熟品種，全生育日數第1期作為129天，第2期作為109天；區域試驗平均稻穀產量第1期作為6585 kg／ha，第2期作為3440 kg／ha；但在2010年第1期作在雲嘉南地區試作，因栽培管理得宜，稻穀產量可達10－12 t/ha。台農84號第1期作適宜全台各地區栽培，第2期作則較適於中南部地區種植。

關鍵字

稉稻 ； 台農84號 ； 品種 ； 育成

並列摘要

This study was initiated in 2002 to developed new Japonica rice variety at the Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Branch, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) by hybridization using Taikeng 2 as the female parent and Chianung-yu 872065 as the male parent and subsequent testing and selection of progenies in paddy fields. Based on a series of tests, including progeny selections, preliminary yield trials, advanced yield trials, regional yield trials, panel quality test, nitrogen response, and storage trial, the F5 line Chianung-yu 941002 was selected and it was approved for registation as a new variety Tainung 84 in 2010 by the Committee of Registration for New Plant Variety of TARI. In addition to high yield potential, Tainung 84 also possed excellent grain appearance and good eating quality, low grain sprouting on-panicle and low incidence of lodging. Tainung 84 was also highly resistant to blast disease [Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.] and moderately resistant to brown planthopper [Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)], white backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera (Horvath)) and smaller brown planthopper [Laodelphax striatella (Fallen)], but was susceptible to bacterial leaf blight [Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Ishiyama) Swings et al. 1990] and sheath blight [Thanatephorus cucumeris A.B. (Frank) Donk]. The growth duration of Tainung 84 was 129 days in the first crop season, and 109 days in the second crop season. In the regional yield trials, the average grain yield of Tainung 84 was 6585 kg/ha and 3340 kg/ha in the first and second crop season, respectively. An exceptional high yield of 10 to 12 t/ha for Tainung 84 was obtained in the first crop season of 2010 at the counties of Yunlin, Chiayi and Tainan. Thus, Tainung 84 is recommened for cultivation in all rice production regions in Taiwan in the first crop season and it is only suitable for cultivaton in the central and southern areas of Taiwan in the second crop season.

並列關鍵字

Japonica rice ； Oryzae sativa cv. Tainung 84 ； Variety ； Rice breeding