杏鮑菇液體菌種開發之研究

以搖瓶培養杏鮑菇液體菌種，評估不同含碳、氮素營養源的液體培養基，對杏鮑菇B012與ESPS二菌株菌絲生長之影響，並探討不同液體菌種接種量對於菌絲長滿栽培基質所需時間與出菇特性。結果發現，液體培養的含碳素營養源以可溶性澱粉對杏鮑菇菌絲生長最佳，含氮素營養源則以酵母抽出物培養對菌絲生物量表現最佳。在不同液體菌種接種量對菌絲長滿栽培瓶表現上，二菌株皆以20 mL或30 mL之接種菌量表現最佳，平均只要16.3-16.5 d即可長滿栽培瓶，比對照組固體菌種長滿基質需要22.8–23.5 d顯著快速。在出菇產量表現上，B012菌株以10 mL或20 mL接種量的產量最高，平均每瓶產量為186.5 g與185.6 g，而ESPS菌株則以接種量20 mL的表現最佳，平均每瓶產量為190.2 g。二菌株的試驗結果都顯示，利用液體菌種方式生產杏鮑菇產量，顯著高於接種固體菌種的栽培方式。綜合研究結果，以液體菌種方式生產杏鮑菇，可節省其菌種之製備時間、接種後菌絲培養及出菇採收所需時間，較傳統固體菌種栽培方式縮短30-32 d，並可降低培養基之成本及提高栽培庫房的年利用率4-5次。

關鍵字

杏鮑菇；液體菌種；產量

並列摘要

Liquid spawn of king oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus eryngii) was cultured in shake flasks, and then the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the mycelium growth in culture medium of the B012 and ESPS strains of the mushrooms were assessed. In addition, the effects of inoculating different amounts of the liquid spawn of the B012 and ESPS strains of king oyster mushroom on the time required for mycelia to completely cover the growth media and on the fruiting characteristics were examined. Results showed that soluble starch was the optimal carbon source while yeast extract was the optimal nitrogen source for mycelia growth of the king oyster mushroom. The minimum days required to achieve complete coverage of mycelia over the growth media were, on average, 16.3 to 16.5 days, with 20 mL or 30 mL of liquid spawn of king oyster mushroom inoculation. The control checks were solid spawn, which required 22.8-23.5 days before the king mushroom mycelia completely covered the growth media. The data showed that mycelium growth with liquid spawn was substantially faster than that with solid spawn. Regarding fruiting characteristics, the B012 strain, when inoculated with 10 mL or 20 mL of king oyster mushroom liquid spawn, exhibited highest yields of 186.5 g and 185.6 g, respectively, per bottle on average. The ESPS strain, which was inoculated with 20 mL of liquid spawn, showed the optimal yield, with 190.2 g per bottle on average. The bottle production results showed that the average yield was substantially higher with liquid spawn than with solid spawn. Cultivating king oyster mushrooms with liquid spawn saves time in preparing the spawn, waiting for the mycelia to cover the growth media, and harvesting. The liquid-spawn cultivation technique is 30 to 32 days shorter than the solid-spawn cultivation technique for cultivating king oyster mushrooms. The technique reduces medium cultivation costs while increasing the utilization of the cultivation room by 4-5 times per year.

並列關鍵字

King oyster mushroom ； Liquid spawn ； Yield

國際替代計量

杏鮑菇液體菌種開發之研究

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