以元素特徵區別台灣茶葉與國外茶葉之初步研究

本試驗分析茶葉之元素含量，並透過主成分分析（principal component analysis; PCA）數據以區分國外茶葉及台灣茶葉。國外茶葉包括中國、越南、馬來西亞、印度及斯里蘭卡；分析之元素有3類，包括微量元素（銀、砷、硼、鋇、鎘、鈰、鈷、鉻、銫、銅、鎵、鍺、鉬、鎳、鉛、銣、硒、鍶、鈦、釩、鎢、鋅、鋯），風化特徵元素（鋁、鐵、錳），以及肥料特徵元素（鈣、鉀、鎂、磷、硫）。結果顯示，以單一元素之濃度比較無法達到區分國外茶葉及台灣茶葉的效果；然而，相關元素經由PCA處理則能達到區分目的。本試驗以微量元素（T）、微量元素和風化特徵元素（TW）、微量元素和肥料特徵元素（TF）、所有元素（A）四類數據組分別進行PCA處理。結果顯示，除TF數據組外，其餘3類數據組經PCA處理後均能區分出台灣茶葉及國外茶葉。本研究之數據處理經驗與結果可提供未來其他農產品進行產源鑑別時之重要參考依據。

關鍵字

元素含量；鑑別非台灣茶；主成分分析

並列摘要

This study analyzed the amounts of various elements of tea samples and applied principal component analysis (PCA) to process the elemental data to differentiate imported tea from Taiwan tea. The imported samples included tea made from China, Vietnam, Malaysia, India, and Sri Lanka, and the analyzed elements were classified into trace elements (Ag, As, B, Ba, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Ga, Ge, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sr, Ti, V, W, Zn, and Zr), weathering elements (Al, Fe, and Mn), and fertilizer elements (Ca, K, Mg, P, and S). Our results showed that no single element could be used as an index to distinguish imported tea from Taiwan tea; however, PCA analyses showed differences between domestic and imported tea. Four data sets included trace elements (T), trace elements and weathering elements (TW), trace elements and fertilizer elements (TF), and all analyzed elements (A) were used for PCA. The results revealed that, besides TF, the remaining data sets could differentiate imported tea from Taiwan tea. Data processing experience and the results derived from this study provide an important reference for subsequent identification of the origin of other agricultural products.

並列關鍵字

Elemental concentration ； Identify non-Taiwan tea ； Principal component analysis (PCA)

國際替代計量

以元素特徵區別台灣茶葉與國外茶葉之初步研究

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