在逆境中堅強－運用復原力概念於照顧者負荷

Roll With the Punches: Applying Resilience to Caregiver's Burden

林俐伶(Li-Ling LIN) ； 林秋菊(Chiu-Chu LIN)

《護理雜誌》 66卷3期 (2019/06) Pp. 100-105

https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.201906_66(3).12

摘要

人口高齡化在世界各國衍生長期照護、支出增加等社經問題，沈重的生活壓力讓照顧者身心俱疲，甚至有照顧者不堪負荷選擇結束生命。由此可知，照顧壓力全面性地影響照顧者生理、心理以及全家的生活，「照顧負荷」成為健康照護體制中不得不面對的問題與挑戰。近年，正向心理學崛起，照顧負荷的研究逐漸轉為探究照顧者的正向經驗及調適的過程。研究指出照顧者在照護過程中學習因應策略進而渡過危機，他們能成功因應似乎與復原力的展現高度相關。因此，藉由本文可了解照顧者負荷及復原力的內涵，以及護理人員如何在照顧過程中察覺照顧者的復原力潛能，為其提供個別性的協助。最後，文中針對照顧者復原力發展的過程加以說明，並綜整文獻後提出諸項提升照顧者復原力的護理措施。本文提供了一個協助長照壓力下的照顧者，運用正向能量與其復原力的新思維，期盼本文能提供健康照護專業人員之照護參考。

關鍵字

照顧者負荷 ； 照顧壓力 ； 復原力

並列摘要

Social and economic problems related to population aging are becoming increasingly prevalent in many industrialized nations. Moreover, life-related stresses is causing caregivers to become fatigued and exhausted, with some even choosing to end their life due to their overwhelming burdens of care. Evidence demonstrates that failure to cope effectively with the burdens of care greatly increases the risk of personal physical, mental, and family problems for the caregivers. Therefore, caregiver burden is an increasingly important issue and challenge for the long-term care service system. Positive psychology has been studied widely in recent years, and current related research has focused on exploring caregivers' positive coping experiences. Empirical studies indicate that caregivers overcome crisis because they acquire coping strategies and learn to adjust during the caring process. Furthermore, these articles show the successful handling of caring stress to be highly correlated with resilience. This research examined caregiver's burden and resilience. The findings suggest how nurses may identify the potential of caregivers in the caring processing and what kind of support that nurses should provide to caregivers. Further, this study elaborates on how caregivers build resilience. According to the literature, current nursing interventions should enhance caregiver's resilience. In general, this research aimed to offer a new direction for long-term care based on positive energy and caregiver resilience. It is hoped that this introduction provides insights for healthcare professionals in clinical practices.

並列關鍵字

caregiver burden ； caring stress ； resilience

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