高雄柴山海堤建構物與天然礁岩棲地軟體動物群聚探討

The Study of Mollusk Community on the Jetty Construction and Natural Reef in Chai Shan, Kaohsiung

柏豪(Hor Bor) ； 顏易君(Ye-Chen Gan) ； 林劭陽(Shao-Yang Lin) ； 陳一鳴(I-Ming Chen) ； 邱郁文(Yuh-Wen Chiu)

《貝類學報》 31期 (2007/12) Pp. 55-74

https://doi.org/10.29998/BM.200712.0007

摘要

本研究以進行人工養灘中的柴山海岸為採樣點，比較海岸工程對潮間帶軟體動物群聚的影響，於2007年8月起每月在消波塊海堤(jetty)與天然岩礁(natural rocky)設立樣區採樣，在潮間帶以穿越線調查法定量分析該地的物種群聚組成。兩種棲地潮間帶共紀錄到軟體動物10科15種，單位面積物種豐度、生物量和棲地物種數以天然岩礁大於人工消波塊，而物種歧異度(J')與物種均勻度(H')則是人工消波塊較大。海岸人工化棲地複雜度下降而微棲地減少，可能導致物種群聚下降；天然岩礁棲地蕎麥蛤大量生長導致物種歧異度和均勻度低於人工消波塊，人工消波塊的蕎麥蛤僅分佈於潮下帶，推測因為消波塊表面無孔隙含水量較低，不利附著性的蕎麥蛤於潮上帶生存。八月強颱聖帕改變柴山海岸沙積地形，造成天然棲地群聚改變，數據顯示群聚逐月恢復；人工消波塊則因工程實施干擾頻繁，群聚豐度與生物量呈現低的狀態。本研究結果可以提供養灘計畫和海岸工程之物種群聚變化及柴山海岸生態資源參考依據。

關鍵字

人工養灘 ； 軟體動物 ； 蕎麥蛤 ； 物種群聚

並列摘要

The coastal engineering changes the features of the intertidal habitat. We compared the differences of the mollusk an assemblage between jetty construction and the natural rocky habitats in Chai Shan, Kaohsiung. Total of 10 families, 15 species mollusks were collected in Chai Shan. The abundance and biomass of assemblages in natural habitats are more than artificial habitats, but the evenness and diversity of assemblages in natural habitats are less than artificial habitats. The population of Brachidontes pharaonis was dominated in the low tidal zone of natural habitats, but not in artificial habitats. Two different distributed patterns were resulted of loss of microhabitats. The surfaces of artificial habitats are simple, it could not keep wet when ebb. In August 2007, the typhoon Sepat changed the shore and the intertidal assemblages of mollusk in Chai Shan, however the assemblages have been restoring in following months. The interruptions caused by engineering continually resulted in artificial habitats and the abundance and biomass were low. This study can provide for the information of coastal engineering in the future and rich the record of biological resources of Chai Shan.

並列關鍵字

beach restoration ； mollusk ； Brachidontes pharaonis ； assemblage