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王弼《論語釋疑》「以無為本」的詮釋進路

Yi Wu Wei Ben: Wang Bi's Interpretative Approach in "Explication of Doubts on the Analects"

摘要


王弼除了注釋《周易》和《老子》,另外也注釋了《論語》-《論語釋疑》。王弼對《論語》的詮釋採用以玄釋儒的方式,運用「以無為本」的玄理去對《論語》作思想的轉換。王弼首先將《論語》中所說的道轉換為道家本體的道,這是思想最根本的始點,王弼將思想的源頭一轉換,由此所開展出來的整個思想體系也就跟著全部轉換。王弼進一步再將這樣的「道」轉換為「無」,由此建立「以無為本」的思想。王弼將「道」作了意義的轉換之後,接著將有意志的天命說轉換為無意志的天道流行。經由如此轉換,王弼即可建立「以無為本」的天道觀,並由此建立起整個思想體系的立基點,再由此擴展到倫理學及政治哲學的論述。王弼的整個思想體系,可以說是以「以無為本」作為詮釋的基點及進路所開展出來的。

關鍵字

王弼 論語 以無為本 玄學 儒學

並列摘要


Besides his commentaries on ”The Book of Changes”易經 and the ”Lao Zi”老子, Wang Bi 王弼 also wrote a commentary on the ”Lunyu”論語entitled ”Explication of Doubts on the Analects” 論語釋疑, in which he interprets Confucianism using a Daoist metaphysical idea, ”yi Wu wei ben” (以無為本 taking Wu as the basis). By first replacig the Confucia n Dao 道 of the ”Lunyu” with the ontological Dao of philosophical Daoism, Wang Bi replaces Confucianism's fundamental philosophical starting point, and transforms the entire philosophical system that flows from it. Wang then replaces this Dao with the metaphysical Wu, thus ”taking Wu the basis” for a new interpretation of Confucian thought.After reinterpreting the meaning of Dao, Wang Bi then replaces the volitional doctrine of Tianming (天命 the will of Heaven ) with the non-volitional Tiandao (天道the way of Heaven), establi shing yi Wu wei ben as a 'theory of Heaven', and creating the foundation upon which rests his system of thought, which he further extends to a discourse on ethics and political philosophy. In summary, Wang Bi's entire system of thought can be said to use yi Wu wei ben as its interpretative foundation and approach.

參考文獻


(1982)。十三經注疏。臺北:藝文印書館。
(1966)。四部備要。臺北:臺灣中華書局。
魏河晏注、梁皇侃義疏(1985)。論語集解義疏。北京:中華書局。
(1982)。十三經注疏。臺北:藝文印書館。
(1966)。四部備要。臺北:臺灣中華書局。

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