中國產竹材之微細構造研究（三）

The Ultrastructure of Bamboos Grown in Mainland China (III)

吳順昭(Shuen-Chao Wu) ； 謝榮生(Jung-Sheng Hsieh)

《林產工業》 15卷2期 (1996/06) Pp. 193-215

摘要

本研究以浙江產四季竹、茶稈竹、笻竹與鵝毛竹為材料，以光學（LM）及掃瞄式電子顯微鏡（SEM）予以拍照、研究與分析並建立構造比較表，相互比較對照相關構造之差異性。研究顯示表皮細胞僅一列，壁層構造以茶稈竹之17層為最多；副表皮細胞發生於所有竹種約1～2列，多層次壁層構造，一般為5～7層為最多；皮層細胞列數因竹種不同分具1～4列，厚達30μm以上，細胞壁3～5層；維管束以四季竹與茶稈竹較大，單位面積個數較少，篩管細胞少者7～9個，多者可達15～20個，導管穿孔板完全單一；纖維細胞以笻竹較長，平均1.769μm，茶稈竹1與笻竹之早成木質部外側之纖維細胞列數稍大於其他部位，其他竹種則以韌皮部較多列數；鵝毛竹薄壁細胞具原生質殘留物，笻竹具含鈣結晶體，茶稈竹2具矽粒；髓腔內側薄壁細胞，鵝毛竹1～2列，四季竹與茶稈竹2可達4列。

關鍵字

中國產竹材 ； 微細構造 ； 維管束 ； 纖維 ； 薄壁細胞

並列摘要

The middle internode of each bamboo culm was cut from Oligostachyum lubrica (OL), Pseudosasa amabilis (PA), Qiongzhuea tumidinoda (QT) and Shibataea chinensis (SC) which were collected from the Zhejiang Province, Mainland China. The investigation of anatomical structure of those four bamboo species used sectional method through light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The structural investigations of those bamboo species were concentrated on anatomical characteristics of different part of culm wall. The detail data of structures were summarized as follows: Epidermis was only single row, most of the multilayers of cell layers were 17 for PA. Subepidermis occured in all four species with 1 to 2 layers, and the cell wall also in general 5 to 7 multilayers. Cortex has 1 to 4 layers according to different bamboo species, the most thickness of this tissue is larger than 30 μm, and the cell wall has 3 to 5 multilayers. The sizes of vascular bundle in OL and PA are larger than the other two bamboo species, sieve cell can be reached to 20 for PAl, and the perforation plate was single. The longest average fiber length was 1.769μm for QT, and the fiber layers beside the protoxylem of the Pal and QT was more than the other species by the sides of vascular bundle. The cell inclusion was occured in the parenchyma of SC, few calsium crystal also occured in the QT, and the silicon grain was occured in the PAZ. The layers of pith peripheral parenchyma were different in 1 to 2 for SC and 2 to 4 for OL and PA significantly.

並列關鍵字

Chinese bamboo ； fiber ； parenchyma ； ultrastructure ； vascular bundle