台灣林產工業ISO認證現況之調查分析

Current Status on the ISO Certifications of Taiwan Forest Products Industry

黃清吟(Chin-Yin Hwang)

《林產工業》 23卷1期 (2004/03) Pp. 1-11

摘要

本研究就台灣林產加工業者對ISO14001及ISO9000認證現況進行調查分析。結果顯示廠商曾申請ISO認證者分別佔8.2及28.8%，通過率則分別為100%及的7%；取得認證與否與廠商資本額及員工人數呈正相關。50.0%業者認為ISO認證規範增加生產成本，77.8%認為會影響生產管理方式，但認為營運績效進步者佔83.3%。所有廠商均認為ISO認證對公司發展相當有利（平均5.3及6.0，尺度0～6）。廠商未申請ISO認證主要因為公司規模太小，且近期內申請ISO認證意願很低（平均1.0及1.4，尺度+3～-3）。另以理性行為理論為其隨調查負責人認證之態度與信念，顯示整體而言業者對ISO認證的態度屬於正面的（平均1.2及1.5，尺度+3～-3），對企業之國際化及發展亦持正向態度。此態度所支撐的主要信念為「取得ISO14001認證有助改變企業環保形象」及「ISO認證的執行必須最高企業主親自參與」，由信念強度及評價結果所推導之預期價值模式均極顯著，顯示透過信念與評價結果可有效推估廠商對ISO14001及ISO9000認證的態度。

關鍵字

品質管理 ； 環境管理 ； 清潔生產 ； 國際標準組織（ISO） ； 理性行為理論 ； 預期價值模式

並列摘要

The major purpose of this study was to investigate current status and the owner's behavior of the Taiwan forest products industry toward ISO 14001 and ISO 9000 certifications. Results showed that only few companies surveyed have applied ISO 14001 (8.2%) and ISO 9000 (28.8%) certifications. Despite half of the companies that have acquired ISO certifications suffered from increase in costs and 50.0 (ISO 9000) to 77.8% (ISO 14001) of them have altered production management, 83.3% (ISO 9000 and ISO 14001) of them declared progress in production efficiency due to compliance with ISO standards. ISO certifications were esteemed beneficial to the development of these companies (mean= 5.3 and 6.0 on a 0-6 scale). The small production capacity the major reason that accounts for the low compliance rate with ISO standards. Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action, owner's intentions of applying ISO certifications in the near future for companies not yet received such certifications were rather low, with mean= 1.0 (ISO 14001) and 1.4 (ISO 9000) on ＂-3 to +3 scale, respectively. Generally, the Taiwan forest products industry holds overall positive attitudes toward ISO certifications, with mean= 1.2 (ISO 14001) and 1.5 (ISO 9000) respectively. The major underlying beliefs of these attitudes are ＂compliance with ISO standards improve the environmental protection image of the industry＂ and ＂the execution of ISO certifications demand the participation of stockholders＂. Prediction of owner's attitudes toward ISO certifications based on belief strengths and their evaluation outcomes, indicates the Theory of Reasoned Action can partly be used to interpret corporate decision-making mechanism.

並列關鍵字

Quality control ； Environmental management ； Clean production ； ISO ； The Theory of Reasoned Action ； Expectancy-value model.