藥劑處理對木材固碳之效能

Effect of the Chemical Treatment on the Carbon Fixation of Wood

許富蘭(Fu-Lan Hsu) ； 李鴻(Hong-Lin Lee)

《林產工業》 27卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 41-55

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.2008.27(1).5

摘要

本研究目的在於評估商用木材保護藥劑銅烷基銨化合物（ammoniacal copper quats,ACQ）與防火藥劑Dricon對於木材固碳之效能。試材係分別以0.5%、1%、2%、4%、6%濃度之ACQ及1%、2%、4%、6%、12%濃度之Dricon處理，再依據ASTMD1413-99（1999）標準方法、熱重量分析儀（thermogravimetric analyzer, TGA）及熱示差卡量儀（differential scanning calorimetry, DSC）等儀器，分別進行室內實木塊耐腐朽性與燃燒性等試驗。試驗結果顯示：以0.5%ACQ處理之杉木與柳杉，經褐腐菌（Gloeophyllum trabeum）接菌12週後之重量損失率小於2%，具有優異之耐褐腐功效；而同樣以ACQ處理楓香試材進行耐白腐菌（Trametes versicolor）試驗，需將濃度提高至2%方能達相同防腐效果，三種試材經ACQ處理後所增加之防腐能力均可有效增加碳保留率並減少CO_2釋放率。以Dricon處理杉木、柳杉與楓香等試材，可改變其燃燒之反應機制，且隨著Dricon處理藥劑濃度之增加，其處理材之碳保留率與所減少之CO_2釋放率亦隨之增加。

關鍵字

銅烷基銨化合物 ； 耐腐朽性 ； 焦炭含量 ； 耐燃性 ； 碳保留率 ； CO_2釋放率

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the chemical treatment on the carbon fixation of wood, including ammoniacal copper quats (ACQ) and Dricon. Tested specimens were respectively impregnated with ACQ solution at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6% w/w and with Dricon at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12% w/w. Fungal decay resistance and fire retardancy of the treated wood were evaluated according to ASTM standard D1413-99 (1999), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results revealed that wood specimens of ＂Cunninghamia lanceolata＂ and ＂Cryptomeria japonica＂ with 0.5% ACQ showed less weight loss than the threshold retention of 2% and were also effective in resisting attack by brown-rot fungus-Gloeophyllum trabeum. However, the threshold retention for weight loss of 2% against white fungus-Trametes versicolor was observed when Liquidambar formosana wood treated with 2% of ACQ. The effects of the increase in carbon retention and the reduction in the retention of carbon dioxide release in wood were significantly improved by treating with ACQ. The reaction mechanism of burning changed, when Cunninghamia lanceolata, ＂Cryptomeria japonica＂ and ＂Liquidambar formosana＂ were treated with Dricon, and better results in carbon retention and the reduction in the release retention of carbon dioxide for Dricon-treated wood were observed when treated with higher concentrations of chemicals.

並列關鍵字

Ammoniacal copper quats ； Fungal decay resistance ； Char yield ； Fire retardancy ； Carbon retention ； Release retention of carbon dioxide