廢棄蚵架竹材化學組成分之探討

Investigation on the Chemical Composition of Waste Oyster Truss Bamboo

何瑀虔(Yu-Chien Ho) ； 林曉洪(Sheau-Horng Lin)

《林產工業》 39卷2期 (2020/06) Pp. 51-63

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.202006_39(2).0002

摘要

本研究之目的為利用蚵農養蚵產出之廢棄蚵架竹材為試材，探討其化學組成分（主成分與萃取物）及其相關性質，以提供未來進行該等廢棄物利用之參考。原料之化學組成分中之灰分含量高達11.19%；冷水萃取物4.47%；熱水萃取物7.60%；1%NaOH萃取物17.44%；乙醇－甲苯萃取物3.24%；全纖維素75.06%；α-纖維素49.40%；木質素26.31%；聚戊醣21.36%。以EDX分析儀分析元素種類及含量分別為碳（44.40%）、氧（41.55%）、鈉（2.08%）、矽（1.49%）、氯（3.72%）及鈣（6.76%）。而其灰分之元素種類及含量分別為碳（8.75%）、氧（36.10%）、鈉（11.58%）、鎂（1.65%）、鋁（0.68%）、矽（1.00%）、氯（8.29%）、鉀（0.93%）及鈣（31.02%）；以元素分析儀測定元素分別為，碳42.63%、氫7.22% 氮0.18%、氧46.52%及硫0.24%；近似分析分別為含水率12.87%、灰分4.79%及可燃分82.34%；高熱值13.7 MJ/kg；七種重金屬成分，除銅、鉻及鋅等元素有檢出外（均在管制標準值內），餘成分均未檢出。綜合上述各項試驗指標值評估後顯示，此等材料可適合作為固態生質燃料。

關鍵字

化學組成分 ； 重金屬成分 ； 高熱值 ； 近似分析 ； 廢棄蚵架竹材

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to use the waste oyster truss bamboo(WOTB) produced by the oyster farmers as a raw material to explore its chemical composition (principal components and extracts) and their related properties to provide a reference for future utilization of such wastes. The chemical composition of the raw materials has an ash content of 11.19%; cold water extractives 4.47%; hot water extractives 7.60%; 1% NaOH extractives 17.44%; ethanol-toluene extractives 3.24%; holocellulose75.06%;α-cellulose 49.40%; lignin 26.31%;pentosan 21.13%. The types and contents of the elements analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were carbon (44.40%), oxygen (41.55%), sodium (2.08%), silicon (1.49%), chlorine (3.72%) and calcium (6.76%). The types and contents of the ash elements are carbon (8.75%), oxygen (36.10%) sodium (11.58%), magnesium (1.65%), aluminum (0.68%), antimony (1.00%), and chlorine (8.29%), potassium (0.93%) and calcium (31.02%).The elements measured by elemental analyzer were 42.63% carbon, 7.22% hydrogen, 0.18% nitrogen, 46.52% oxygen and 0.24% sulfur. The proximate analysis was 12.87% water content, 4.79% ash and 82.34% combustible matters. The high calorific value is 13.7 MJ/kg; the seven heavy metal components are detected except for elements such as copper, chromium and zinc (all within the regulatory standards), and the remaining components are not detected. The evaluation of the above test indicators shows that these materials are suitable as solid biomass fuels.

並列關鍵字

Chemical composition ； Heavy metal ； High heating value ； Proximate analysis ； Waste oyster truss bamboo (WOTB)