黑孢塊菌與青剛櫟形成外生菌根之多樣性

Ectomycorrhizal Diversity of Tuber melanosporum Vittadini Formed on Cyclobalanopsis glauca (Thunb.) Qerst

胡寶元(Bau-Yuan Hu) ； 劉啟福(Chii-Fuw Liou)

《國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告》 22卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 55-60

https://doi.org/10.6542/EFNTU.200803_22(1).0006

摘要

購自法國之黑孢塊菌子實體以MMN洋菜介質分離出之純菌絲體，以MMN液體培養產生之菌絲體作為接種源。將半無菌培養六個月大之青剛櫟穴植管苗接種此液體培養之菌絲體後，一個月即開始有外生菌根之形成。持續二年之觀察，發現黑孢塊菌與青剛櫟能形成八種不同形態之外生菌根，即(1)具乳白色剛毛，(2)具乳白色菌根尖之延伸菌絲，(3)具黃褐色菌毯之半透明剛毛，(4)具黃褐色捲曲之羊毛狀菌毯菌絲，(5)具黃褐色放射狀之菌毯延伸菌絲，(6)褐色、平坦之菌毯，(7)單根或羽狀，(8)暗褐黑平坦菌毯等之外生菌根。
同一寄主與同一菌種能於同一苗木根系形成不同形態之外生菌根，推測與形成外生菌根時寄主短根之生理狀態及介質之局部理化性質有關。

關鍵字

外生菌根 ； 青剛櫟 ； 黑孢塊菌 ； 多樣性

並列摘要

Tuber melanosporum carpophore bought from France was isolated on MMN agar medium, and its liquid mycelium cultured in MMN nutrient solution was used as an inoculum to the six-month old semi-aseptic Cyclobalanopsis glauca seedlings. The ectomycorrhizae were formed after one month's inoculation and were continuingly observed for two years. Eight kinds of different morphological ectomycorrhizal types could be found, viz., the ectomycorrhizae with (1) milky whitish setae, (2)semi-transparent extending hyphae and whitish ectomycorrizal tip, (3)yellowish brown fungus mantle with semi-transparent setae, (4) brown fungus mantle with yellowish-brown, curly wool-like mycelium, (5) yellowish brown fungus mantel and radial extending hyphae, (6) brown, smooth fungus mantle, (7) monopodial or regularly pinnate form, and (8) dark brownish to black smooth fungus mantle.
It was suggested that the formations of different morphological ectomycorrhizae between the same plant host and the same fungus could be due to the physiological state of the short rootlet and the physico-chemical factors of the root-contacted medium associated.

並列關鍵字

ectomycorrhizae ； Cyclobalanopsis glauca ； Tuber melanosporum ； diversity