牛樟之花藥發育與小孢子發生

Development of Anther and Microsporogenesis in Cinnamomum kanehirae Hayata

南珈合(Chia-Ho Nan) ； 羅漢強(Hann-Chung Lo)

《國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告》 22卷4期 (2008/12) Pp. 261-276

https://doi.org/10.6542/EFNTU.200812_22(4).0004

摘要

牛樟(Cinnamomum kanehirae Hayata)為台灣特有樹種，花兩性，1至3月開花，核果9、10月間成熟。12月中旬，花序原體出現。12月下旬，雄蕊原體出現。花藥4室，向上瓣裂，藥瓣上具5層細胞，分別為表皮層，內壁層，2層中間層及營養層，發育屬於基本型。營養層屬於類變形蟲型，營養層細胞具2核、稀4核。小孢子母細胞於1月中、下旬行減數分裂，胞質分裂屬於次第型，於是產生小孢子四分體，小孢子排列兩側並列形，極少為四面體形或T字形。2月上旬花藥開裂。成熟花粉粒具2細胞，呈球形，無溝孔。

關鍵字

牛樟 ； 花藥發育 ； 小孢子發生

並列摘要

Cinnamomum kanehirae Hayata is an endemic tree species to Taiwan. Hermaphrodite flowers are produced from January to March, and drupe mature during September to October. Inflorescence primordia occur in middle December. Anther primordia appear by late December. Anthers are 4-celled and open with uplifting valves. The anther walls of valves are consisting of five layers: an epidermis, an endothecium, two middle layers, and a tapetum, belonging to Basic type of development. The tapetum is amoeboid type. Tapetal cells have two, rarely four, nuclei. Microspore mother cells undergo meiosis through successive cytokinesis from mid to late January and develop into tetrads of microspores, which are mostly isobilaterally arranged and seldom tetrahedrally or in ”T”-shape. Anthers are dehiscent in early February. Mature pollen grains are 2-celled, spheroidal and inaperturate.

並列關鍵字

Cinnamomum kanehirae Hayata ； development of anther ； microsporogenesis