集水區水質監測計畫成本效益模式之應用

THE APPLICATION OF COST-EFFECTIVE MODEL TO WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM OF WATERSHED

黃瓊（王彪）(Chiung-piau Huang)

《中華水土保持學報》 18卷2期 (1987/11) Pp. 97-111

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.198711_18(2).0009

摘要

本研究是以在翡翠水庫集水區所完成水質檢測計畫所得到之結果爲基本資料來源，對其水質檢測項目之原始數據，作成統計上之分析，並蒐集整理執行該計畫所需成本之項目和數量，列成一套完整之輸入參數，應用電腦程式DESIGN予以分析並獲得最佳之取樣設計，其中且以改變不同輸入條件，比較其取樣設計結果以及成本和資料可信賴度的不同，是所謂的成本效益模式。水質監測計晝分析的項目包括總大腸生菌數（TCB）和生化需氧量（BOD）兩項，經成本效益模式分析的結果，發現應用電腦程式可以很快地設計出符合使用者所訂限制條件之取樣計畫，預估所獲得資料之準確率，指出最具經濟效益的取樣設計方向，達成降低總成本之目的。因此，該模式不惟可以用來評估現有之取樣計畫是否適當而外，對於將要執行的監測計畫，可以根據預定之各項條件參數，設計出符合成本效益之最佳取樣設計結果。惟該模式所應用之電腦程式有部分細節尚不甚完善，仍待進一步之改進，然就整體而言亦甚具應用價值，有助於集水區各種天然資源保育成效之促進。

關鍵字

監測計畫 ； 成本效益模式 ； 取樣設計

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to find out the application possibility of using a proper model to design an optimal sampling program of water quality. The inspecting results of Feitsui reservoir water quality survey project had been collected as original data sources. First of all a eat of all, a set of parameters were obtained by calculating the data of measurements and costs, and some of them were decided by users according to different needs. These parameters would be put to a computer program, namely DESIGN, and run. It should produce the result of optimal sampling design. Users can repeat the same procedures by changing some of parameters to comparing different results and choosing the most suitable one for final decision of sampling program. It is so called COST-EFFECTIVE MODEL. In this study, the mesurements of total coliform bacteria (TCB) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were analyzed for testing DESIGN program. Actually, the optimal design was immediately obtained, including the total cost of sampling program and statistical power. The results had also pointed out that the budget would be reduced, when these two monitoring items were combined to one sampling program, and the statistical power still reached to a very satisfied level. Besides, there are some problems with using fixed power method to run DESIGN, however, the COST-EFFECTIVE MODEL will be a useful tool for designing an economic and effective sampling program to the water quality monitoring and watershed management.

並列關鍵字

Cost-effective model ； Monitoring program ； Sampling design