阿公店水庫集水區潛在植生復育困難等級劃分之研究

Classification of Potentially Difficult Areas of Revegetation in A-Kung-Ten Reservoir Watershed

林昭遠(Chao-Yuan Lin) ； 林文賜(Wen-Si Lin)

《中華水土保持學報》 27卷3期 (1996/09) Pp. 185-193

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.199609_27(3).0002

摘要

泥岩為台灣地區水土保持問題土質之一。本研究除對泥岩地區植生復育之重要性加以探討外；另以地理資訊系統劃分阿公店水庫集水區潛在植生復育困難之等級，俾供泥岩地區水庫集水區植生復育之參考。所得結果摘述如下：泥岩地區土壤之質地組成以坋粒及黏粒為主，土壤飽和入滲率甚低。細質地、入滲不良及裸露後植生復育困難為泥岩地區土壤沖蝕主因之一。泥岩地區土質對磷之吸附力極強，主要是泥岩顆粒細小、表面積大，加上在鹼性環境中，磷易被鈣所固定。阿公店水庫集水區內磷肥主要係隨土壤沖蝕而流失，此已造成水庫嚴重之泥砂淤積積及優養化。台灣西南部泥岩地區之氣候屬冬季中度缺水，一年中約有五月六個月是旱季，為植物生長之主要逆境。篩選耐旱之鄉土植物為泥岩地區植生復育的重要課題。阿公店水庫集水區潛在植生復育困難等級可分為：危險級、注意級、普通級及安全級。危險級主要分布在集水區上游，面積約354.88公頃，佔總集水區之11.45%。注意級分布較廣，面積約820.48公頃，佔總集水區之26.47%，此兩級內之區域宜加強保育。

關鍵字

阿公店水庫 ； 植生復育 ； 泥岩 ； 群團分析 ； 地理資訊系統

並列摘要

Mudstone is one of problem soils regarding soil and water conservation in Taiwan. In addition to discussing the importance of revegetation at mudstone area, the classification of potentially difficult areas of revegetation in A-Kung-Ten reservoir watershed was conducted by using GIS technology. It is expected that this research can provide reclamation guide for the areas of mudstone. The results obtained are summarized as follows: The components of soil texture in mudstone area are mainly silt and/or clay which results in poor infiltration rate. Fine texture and poor permeability are unfavorable for plants to grow on the slopeland of mudstone area that usually has severe soil erosion. As fine particles provide larger total surface areas and phosphorus is easily fixed by calcium in alkaline soils, soils originated from mudstone show the properties of strong P-sorptability. Phosphate is easily eroded with the loss of soils and will cause sedimentation and/or eutrophication in the reservior. The climatic classification of south-west mudstone area is moderate water deficit in winter. Five to six months of dry season in a year are the main environmental stress on plant growth. To select the drought-enduring species of endemic plants is the critical requirement for the reclamation in mudstone areas. The classification of urgency for vegetative reclamation at A-Kung-Ten reservoir watershed can be grouped into four classes. They are (1) dangerous, (2) observing, (3)ordinary and (4) safe classes. The dangerous class (354.88 ha) mainly spreads over the up-stream of the watershed and occupies 11.45% of the total watershed. The observing class (820.48 ha) covers a larger area than others and occupies 26.47% of the total watershed. These two classes may become the potential distribution of nuded mudstone. Conservation practices in the areas of first two classes should be enhanced.

並列關鍵字

A-Kung-Ten Reservoir ； Revegetation ； Mudstone ； Cluster Analysis ； Geographic Information Systems