桃園市老街溪流域民眾的災害識覺及調適行為之研究

Public Hazard Perception and Adjustment Behavior in the Lao-Jie River Watershed, Taoyuan City

曾維德(Wei-De Tseng) ； 廖學誠(Shyue-Cherng Liaw)

《中華水土保持學報》 48卷3期 (2017/09) Pp. 145-152

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.201709_48(3).0005

摘要

本研究探討桃園市老街溪附近居民的災害識覺及調適行為，透過文獻分析及深度訪談，瞭解居民對水患的存在識覺、成因識覺、嚴重性識覺、再發生識覺之不同，並比較在時間上、空間上及職務上災害識覺之差異，此外，本研究亦分析當地居民從災前預警、洪災發生到災後重建的調適行為。研究結果得知，居住時間愈長，經歷過的水患次數越多，越能瞭解當地的災害狀況。居民普遍認為颱風豪雨是最主要的致災原因，但晚近的河道加蓋、闢建商場、垃圾堵塞，使得排洪功能下降，加劇水患衝擊。納莉颱風時，下游段居民因目睹房屋倒塌，更深覺洪災之嚴重，里長常協助防救災工作，所以也對當地水患嚴重性深刻瞭解。老街溪經過整治後，居民普遍認為災害的再發生性應該降低，但有部份居民則認為，未來自然災害是無可避免的。在調適行為方面，民眾經歷過納莉風災後，對防災資訊較為留意，里長也會進行宣導，並跟政府災情中心保持聯繫。洪災發生時，居民常會透過撤離方式來維護自身的安全，災後重建仰賴外界的協助，居民會尋求相關的資源挹注及技術支援。

關鍵字

災害識覺 ； 調適行為 ； 老街溪流域 ； 洪患災害 ； 溪流整治

並列摘要

This research aims to study residents’ hazard perception and adjustment behavior in the Lao-Jie River watershed, Taoyuan City. Based on document analysis and in-depth interviews, we try to understand residents’ perceptions of the existence, cause, severity, and reoccurrence of flooding disasters. We also try to realize the spatial, temporal, and positional differences within these various perceptions. In addition, this research analyzes residents’ adjustment behavior during the pre-disaster warning, flooding occurrence, and post-disaster restoration periods. Results show that residents with longer residence time and more experiences with flooding understand the hazard situation well. Residents generally consider that the heavy rainfall during typhoons is the most important cause of disasters. However, recently the function of flooding release is decreasing due to the river channel covering, market buildings, and garbage blockage. This enhances the impact of flooding disaster. During Typhoon Nari in 2001, residents downstream witnessed the collapse of buildings, and deeply felt the severity of flooding. Chiefs of villages often collaborate with disaster prevention and mitigation, so they also intensively understand the severity of flooding. After the improvement of the Lao-Jie River, residents mostly consider that the possibility of flooding recurrence is becoming lower, but some residents believe that natural disasters are inevitable in the near future. As for adjustment behavior, residents paid attention to the disaster prevention information after Typhoon Nari. Chiefs of villages spread news, and maintain close contact with the government disaster prevention center. When flooding occurs, residents often adopt evacuation strategies to maintain their own security. Post-disaster restoration depends on outside assistance, and residents try to seek relevant resources and technical support.

並列關鍵字

Hazard perception ； adjustment behavior ； Lao-Jie River watershed ； flooding disaster ； stream improvement